11.08.26: Level 2 (review); Carolus et Maria [31] [5]

Aestāte Cassius domī est et cum patre in agrīs labōrat. Domō nōn saepe abest quod in agrīs multās rēs facere necesse est. Sī puer abest, pater sōlus labōrat. Aestāte, igitur, Cassius amīcōs nōn saepe videt. Herī pater hoc dīxit: “Tū, mī fīlī, bene labōrāvistī et praemium tibi dabō. Per tōtum diem nōn necesse est labōrāre. Sī ita cupis, ad oppidum ī.”

Hoc cōnsilium erat grātum puerō. Posteā eōdem diē Cassius oppidō appropinquāvit. Deinde in aedificium magnum vēnit. Ibi virī et fēminae pictūrās spectāvērunt. Ante Cassium in pictūrīs erant mīlitēs quī multās rēs faciēbant. Imperātor, Iūlius appellātus, erat vir magnae virtūtis. Multōs mīlitēs dūcēbat. Ante imperātōrem erat legiō magna quae tria mīlia mīlitum habēbat. Mīlitēs arma et signum portābant et hostēs vincere parātī erant. Dux imperābat et legiō in duās partēs dīvīsa est. Alia ad dextram iter faciēbat, alia ad sinistram.

Trāns flūmen aliī mīlitēs castra sub monte ulteriōre, locō idōneō, pōnēbant. Imperātor illīus legiōnis nōn erat īdem. Ille imperātor erat hostis. Prīmus imperātor ipse mīlitēs dē perīculō monēbat. Deinde legiōnem ad hostēs dūxit. Proelium erat dūrum et inīquum quod magna erat legiō prīmī imperātōris. Undique erat nix alta quod erat hiems. Per nivem altam iter facere nōn est facile. Hostēs legiōnem parvam habēbant. Ex duōbus mīlibus mīlitum circiter mīlle mīlitēs necātī sunt. Magna erat praeda. Reliquī hostēs, quī nōn vulnerātī sunt, per silvās collēsque properābant. Fuga eōrum erat grāta legiōnī magnae. In proeliō hostēs victī sunt. Post proelium imperātor magnae legiōnis, “Ō mīlitēs,” inquit, “auxiliō ipsōrum deōrum et virtūte vestrā vīcimus. Eādem virtūte gentem nostram per omnēs terrās nōtam faciēmus. Haec et aliās rēs imperātor dīxit et mīlitēs laetitiam sēnsērunt.

Diū Cassius spectābat. Iterum eāsdem pictūrās vīdit. Subitō erant nūllae pictūrae, et ubīque in aedificiō lūx erat clāra. Puer undique circumspectābat et ecce! nēmō vidēbātur, nam sōlus erat Cassius. Paene timidus erat. Ex aedificiō cucurrit. Iter puerī erat longum sed pater eum in viā exspectābat.

Find the Latin

[1] Prepositions followed by the accusative case

(a)

1. through the whole day
2. through the deep snow
3. through the woods and hills
4. through all the lands

(b)

1. to the town
2. to the right
3. to the left
4. to the enemies

(c)

1. across the river
2. after the battle
3. before / in front of Cassius
4. before / in front the commander

(d)

1. into a building
2. into two parts

[2] Prepositions followed by the ablative case

(a)

1. in the building
2. in the battle
3. in the fields
4. on the road

(b)

1. with (his) father
2. about / concerning the danger
3. out of the building
4. out of / from two thousand soldiers
5. under the mountain

[3] Expressions where English uses a preposition, but Latin uses the ablative case without a preposition

1. in Summer
2. on the same day
3. from home
4. in / at a suitable place
5. (We conquer) with / by means of the gods themselves
6. with / by means of your courage
7. with / by means of the same courage

Notes

[i]

domus (house) uses three different cases to express:

(to) home i.e. movement towards home │ domum; accusative case

at home: domī │ locative case

from home: domō │  ablative case

[ii] Some nouns may be used without a preposition when, in this example, when the location is not specific:

locō idōneō │ at a suitable place

____________________

[1]

(a)

1. per tōtum diem
2. per nivem altam
3. per silvās collēsque
4. per omnēs terrās

(b)

1. ad oppidum
2. ad dextram
3. ad sinistram
4. ad hostēs

(c)

1. trāns flūmen
2. post proelium
3. ante Cassium
4. ante imperātōrem

(d)

1. in aedificium
2. in duās partēs

[2]

(a)

1. in aedificiō
2. in proeliō
3. in agrīs
4. in viā

(b)

1. cum patre
2. dē perīculō
3. ex aedificiō
4. ex duōbus mīlibus mīlitum
5. sub monte

[3]

1. aestāte
2. eōdem diē
3. domō
4. locō idōneō
5. auxiliō ipsōrum deōrum (vīcimus)
6. virtūte vestrā
7. eādem virtūte