13.03.24: daily routine [2]

The images show what you might do …

• interdiū: during the day
• vespere / vesperī: in the evening
• interdum: sometimes
• noctū / nocte: at night

Notes

[1] to teach [i] someone [ii] something involves two accusatives:

[i] discipulōs ¦ [ii] historiam doceō: I teach [i] the students [ii] history.

[2] aeger, aegra, aegrum: sick; ill; the verb aegrōtō, aegrōtāre [1] means ‘to be ill’

[3] to invite someone to lunch, dinner etc. use ad + accusative

[4] amīcum salvēre iubeō: I greet a friend; iubeō, iubēre [2] means ‘to command’ and a lot of commanding goes on in the literature, but here the literal meaning is “I bid (my friend) to be well”; salveō, salvēre [2]: be well; healthy. It’s in English: “I bid you good day / farewell.” If you don’t want to do any bidding or commanding, you can also use the verb salūtō, salūtāre [1] (to greet), from which, of course, we have the English derivative ‘salute’.

[5] dōnum: gift

[6] fābula: you have already seen the word meaning ‘story; tale; narrative’ but the Romans also used it to refer to any dramatic performance e.g. a play.

[7] pila: ball; when you play at something, you use the ablative:

• pilā lūdō

[8] cubitum eō: I go to bed. This is a good example of why not to go too far too fast. It’s an essential phrase for expressing part of your daily routine, but don’t become embroiled in the grammar: cubitum is actually one of the principal parts of the verb cubō, cubāre [1]: to lie down. This part is called the supine and involves areas of grammar that are still quite far down the road. For now, all you need to know is that it is used with verbs of motion (here eō: I go) to express purpose: I go to lie down / to sleep.

Principal parts

[1] Again, they are colour coded, and, following on from the previous post, here are two of the principal parts of each verb (all you need for now):

1st conjugation

• dēambulō, dēambulāre [1]: go for a walk
• dō, dare [1]: give (note: no long /ā/ in the infinitive)
• invītō, invītāre [1]: invite
• labōrō, labōrāre [1]: work
• obsōnō, obsōnāre [1]: buy provisions
• parō, parāre [1]: prepare
• vīsitō, vīsitāre [1]: visit

2nd conjugation

• doce¦ō, docēre [2]: teach (/e/ in the stem)
• iubeō, iubēre [2]: command
• placeō, placēre [2]: please

3rd conjugation

• ascend¦ō, ascendere [3]: go up (no /e/ in the stem)
• bibō, bibere [3]: drink
• edō, edere [3]: eat
• emō, emere [3]: buy
• exuō, exuere [3]: take off (e.g. clothes)
• lēgō, legere [3]: read
• lūdō, lūdere [3]: play
• quiēscō, quiēscere [3]: rest
• scrībō, scrībere [3]: write
• sūmō, sūmere [3]: take

But what are the red ones? See the next post! You should, however, already be able to work out what they mean.