30.09.24: follow-up; Saeptum Nationale Big Bend; transcript; part [3]; locative case

Referring to:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P8qNo3Kkro4

https://www.facebook.com/.../permalink/528987953045811/

Terlinguae

3:41: Hoc oppidulum Terlingua nōminātur

3:45: Hic locus aptissimus est peregrīnīs │ [i] aptus, -a, -um: suitable > aptissimus, -a, -um: very / most suitable [ii] peregrīnus, -ī [2/m]: (here) hiker > Hic locus aptissimus est peregrīnīs [dative]: this place is very suitable for hikers [or: most suited to hikers]

3:48: quod prope montēs situs est

3:50: Post ascēnsiōnem, fessī sumus et ēsurīmus

3:58: Pernoctābimus hīc

4:01: Bonum māne

4:02: Terlinguae adsumus│ [see note]*

4:05: Tandem dormīvī bene

4:09: Hodiē domum redīmus

4:37: Plūrimās grātiās agō

4:39: Sī tibi placuit pellicula,

4:42: Subscrībe canālī, amābō tē

4:45: In proximum!

[A] Give the video timings when Vincent refers to:

1. Feeling hungry

2. Being near the mountains

3. Going back home

4. Having slept well

5. Liking the film

6. Where they will spend the night

[B] Find the Latin:

1. finally

2. if you liked (the film)

3. is called

4. please

5. See you next time!

6. today

____________________

*Note:

4:02: Terlinguae adsumus │ We are in Terlingua

Vincent is using the locative case; Terlingua is the name of a town and, in Latin, when you are in a specific named town / city, the preposition in + ablative is not used:

In oppidulō sum │I am in a little town (but the town isn’t named)

Oppidulum Terlingua vocātur │ The little town is called Terlingua

Terlinguae adsumus │We are in Terlingua (no preposition)

A post was published some time back on this topic:

https://www.facebook.com/.../permalink/415064654438142/

The locative case is not an additional case that has to be studied in depth; its use is confined to the names of towns, cities and small islands, and to a handful of other nouns

1st declension nouns:

• Rōma > Rōmae │ in Rome (no preposition)

2nd declension nouns:

• Brundisium > Brundisiī │ in Brundisium

3rd declension nouns:

• Carthāgō > Carthāgine / Carthāginī │ in Carthage

Some Latin town names are plural:

1st declension

• Athēnae > Athēnīs: in Athens

2nd declension

• Pompeiī > Pompeiīs: in Pompeii

The nouns you will come across which have a locative case are:

• domus (house) > domī: at home
• rūs (countryside) > rūrī: in the countryside
• humus (ground) > humī: on the ground

The Latin Tutorial video on the locative case is here:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VwLS-fh3pVg

However, unusually for these videos (because I regularly use them), the presenter tends to ramble a little at the beginning – and he goes on to other points that are not specifically related to what is being discussed here, and so I’ve uploaded an edited version.

30.09.24: follow-up; Saeptum Nationale Big Bend; transcript; part [2]

Referring to:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P8qNo3Kkro4

https://www.facebook.com/.../permalink/528987953045811/

Ascēnsiō montis

1:44: Buccī ille castor dīcit salūtem│ castor, -is [3/m]: beaver

1:48: Ego quoque vōbīs plūrimam salūtem dīcō

1:53: Venīte nōbīscum

1:56: ad hōs montēs ascendendōs superandōsque │ [see note]*

2:03: Hīc sunt leōnēs ursīque. Cavēte! │ ursus, -ī [2/m]: bear

2:07: Salvēte

2:08: Quamquam nōn dormīvī in viā

2:11: (cōnātus sum sed nōn potuī)

2:14: Et nunc

2:16: tria saccipēria portō │ saccipērium, -ī [2/n]: (small) bag

2:19: bene mē habeō

2:20: Nōn fessus sum

2:22: Hoc mihi perplacet

2:55: Iam prope cacūmen sumus

2:58: Difficile erat attingere hunc locum sed │ attingō, -ere, attigī [3]: reach

3:00: nōs dēlectat!

3:02: Satis habēmus

3:04: Profectō in pelliculā nōn vidērī potest │ profectō (adverb): truly

3:07: tōta haec amoenitās │ amoenitās, amoenitāts [3/f]: pleasantness; charm; loveliness

3:09: sed vērē nōbīs perplacet

3:14: Nunc dēscendō

3:16: Valēte

3:19: Sollicitus sum quia

3:22: iam nōn habeō aquam

3:30: Superfuī │ super-sum, -esse, -fuī: survive

3:32: Adhūc vīvō. Iam habeō aquam

3:35: Hoc est mīrāculum

[A]

1. Why does Vincent tell us to be careful?
2. How well did Vincent sleep?
3. What’s he carrying?
4. How does he feel physically?
5. Give the timing in the video where he says he’s near the summit.
6. At 3:04 how effective does Vincent think the video is?
7. Why is Vincent worried at 3:19?
8. What is miraculous?

[B] Find the Latin:

1. although
2. I couldn’t
3. I tried
4. I’m going down
5. I’m still alive
6. I say hello
7. (He) says hello
8. It was difficult
9. This really pleases me = I really like this

____________________

*Note:

1:53: Venīte nōbīscum ¦ 1:56: ad hōs montēs ascendendōs superandōsque

Come with us ¦ to climb and conquer these mountains

Vincent uses a construction known as the gerundive which is formed from a participle that has a very specific meaning; the participle is called the future passive participle

• ascendendus, -a, -um: which is to be climbed
• superandus, -a, -um: which is to be conquered

Venīte nōbiscum ¦ ad hōs montēs [i] ascendendōs [ii] superandōsque

Come with us ¦ literally: to these mountains [i] which are to be climbed and [ii] to be conquered

= Come with us to climb and conquer these mountains

30.09.24: follow-up; Saeptum Nationale Big Bend; transcript; part [1]

Referring to:

https://www.facebook.com/.../permalink/528987953045811/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bend_National_Park

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P8qNo3Kkro4

Ante ascēnsiōnem │ ascēnsiō, ascēnsiōnis [3/f]: ascent

0:00: Salvēte, sodālēs

0:02: Vincentius loquor

0:04: Vīsitābimus iterum Saeptum Nationāle Big Bend in Texīā

0:11: Hōc annō nōn pernoctābimus in cacūmine montis │ cacūmen, cacūminis [3/n]: peak; summit

0:18: sed in oppidulō nōmine Terlingua │ oppidulum, -ī [2/n] is a diminutive form i.e. a smaller version of something larger: oppidum, -ī [2/n] > oppidulum: little town

0:30: Erit longa nox

0:32: Possumne gubernāre raedam per tōtam noctem? │ gubernō, -āre, -āvī [1]: [i] (CL) to steer a ship [ii] (NeoLatin) to drive (a car)

0:35: Nesciō. Vidēbimus

0:39: Hīc cōnābor dormīre │ cōnor, -ārī [deponent verb]: try; cōnābor: I’ll try

0:42: parumper, saltem parumper │ parumper: for a short while

0:46: Autoraeda quoque eget quiēte │ [i] egeō, -ēre, eguī [2]: need followed by [ii] a noun in the ablative case: quiēs, quiētis [3/f]: rest > eget quiēte: (the car) needs a rest

1:19: Ecce dēsertum Tsihuahuense (Chihuahua)

1:22: Bene vēnistis

1:30: Sodālēs, post 12 hōrās plūs minusve, tandem advenīmus

[A]

1. In which part of the USA is Vincent?
2. Where will they spend the night?
3. What does Vincent ask himself at 0:32?
4. What will Vincent try to do?
5. What is Tsihuahuense?
6. How long has it taken them to get there?

[B] Find the Latin:

1. again
2. at least
3. by the name of
4. I don’t know
5. more or less
6. this year [literally: in this year]
7. Welcome!

30.09.24: level 2; revise numbers (3)[4]; rapid reading (4)

From the Vulgate; write the number in figures:

[1] et frātrēs eōrum facientēs opera templī octingentī vīgintī duo

[2] et frātrēs eius prīncipēs patrum ducentī quadrāgintā duo

[3] et factī sunt omnēs diēs Malalehel octingentī nōnāgintā quīnque annī et mortuus est

[4] fīliī Sephatia, trecentī septuāgintā duo

[5] fīliī Area, septingentī septuāgintā quīnque

[6] Erant autem prīncipēs eōrum, …, quīngentī quīnquāgintā;

[7] Vīxitque Jared centum sexāgintā duōbus annīs, et genuit Henoch.

[8] Et vīxit Jared, …, octingentīs annīs, et genuit fīliōs et fīliās.

[9] fīliī Adonicam sēscentī sexāgintā septem

[10] Et factī sunt omnēs diēs Jared nōngentī sexāgintā duo annī, et mortuus est.

[11] Fīliī Adin, quadringentī quīnquāgintā quattuor.

[12] Fīliī Besaī, trecentī vīgintī trēs.

30.09.24: Level 2; Practice in reading the perfect tense; a First Latin Reader (Vincent) [23]

Caesar, quī cum suīs legiōnibus ā Galliā nāvigāverat, hōrā quārtā ad Britanniam vēnit. Ibi cōpiās hostium in collibus vīdit; collēs erant altī; lītus nōn erat idōneum; Caesar ad hōram nōnam in ancorīs exspectāvit. Interim, ubi lēgātōs et tribūnōs mīlitum convocāverat, suum cōnsilium ostendit. Inde, quod ventus et aestus erant idōneī et nāvēs reliquae pervēnerant, Caesar ad locum plānum et apertum nāvigāvit. Sed Britannī, quī cōnsilium Caesaris cognōvērunt, equitēs et esseda praemīsērunt atque cum omnibus cōpiīs ad locum vēnērunt.

aestus, -ūs [4/m]: (here) tide but can also mean ‘heat’

essedum, -ī [2/m]: chariot (see notes at the end)

Throughout the posts, the uses of the ablative case have been explained as they have occurred, and some more detailed posts are being planned so that we can look at all of them together.

Here is an “explanation” of the ablative case from another Latin website:

The ablative case is sometimes called the “everything case”, since it seems to do a bit of, well, everything. 

That isn’t true.

If every case in Latin were given a “job description”, those job descriptions would be fairly short and specific – with the exception of the ablative. The job spec for the ablative is considerably longer but it is by no means random and it doesn’t “do a bit of, well, everything”: it performs very clear roles.

Each use of the ablative case has its own name; it isn’t essential to know those names but it does help in coming to grips with the usages. In the first sentence from the text above there are three common ablative uses:

Caesar, qui [i] cum suīs legiōnibus [ii] ā Galliā ¦ nāvigāverat, [iii] hōrā quartā ¦ ad Britanniam vēnit.

[i] Caesar, qui [i] cum suīs legiōnibus … nāvigāverat │ Caesar, who had sailed with his legions …

This is the ablative of accompaniment and used when referring to the person (together) with whom the action is being performed.

Caesar, qui cum suīs legiōnibus …nāvigāverat, │ Caesar, who had sailed (together) with his legions …

cum omnibus copiīs ad locum vēnērunt │ They came to the place with all the troops

[2] Caesar, quī … [ii] ā Galliā ¦ nāvigāverat, │ Caesar, who had sailed … (away) from Gaul

ā / ab + ablative: the ablative of place from which (note: the original text, in order to be consistent, should have a macron above the ā) 

The prepositions ā / ab, dē and ē / ex can all convey movement from a place:

Senex dē mūrō cecidit. │ The old man fell off / down from the wall.

Agricolae ex agrīs ambulant. │ The farmer are walking out of the fields.

[3] horā quartā: the ablative of time when

When referring to a specific point or period in time the ablative without a preposition is used:

horā quartā │ at the fourth hour

hieme │ in winter

annō secundō │ in the second year

Here is a fourth use from the text:

[4] the ablative of place at which

Ibi cōpiās hostium in collibus vīdit. │ There he saw the enemy’s troops in the hills.

Caesar … in ancorīs exspectāvit. │ Caesar waited … at anchor (La. uses a plural)

The ablative together with a preposition expresses where an action is taking place or where a person / thing is. There is no suggestion of movement:

Senex in hortō dēambulābat. │ The old was taking a walk in the garden. The old man is moving but the ablative expresses where he is performing that action. He isn’t walking into the garden.

There is still much more to do with regard to the uses of the ablative. As always, try to acquire them step-by-step.

Here are four terms together with one sentence to illustrate each use:

[1] ablative of place at which

Caesar copiās hostium in collibus vīdit. │ Caesar saw the enemy troops in / on the hills.

[2] ablative of place from which

Caesar ā Galliā nāvigāvit. │ Caesar sailed away from Gaul.

[3] ablative of accompaniment

Caesar cum legiōnibus suīs nāvigāvit. │ Caesar sailed with his legions.

[4] ablative of time when

Caesar hōrā quartā ad Britanniam vēnit. │ Caesar reached Britain at the fourth hour.

___________________

Caesar, who had sailed with his legions from Gaul, arrived in Britain at the fourth hour. There he saw troops of the enemy on the hills; the hills were high; the shore was not suitable; Caesar waited at anchor until the ninth hour. In the meantime, when he had summoned the emissaries and tribunes, he explained his plan. From there, when the wind and tide were suitable and the other ships had arrived, Caesar sailed to a flat and open place. But the Britons, who learned of Caesar's plan, sent forth their horsemen and chariots, and came to the place with all their troops.

___________________

essedum, -ī [2/n]: chariot

https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0063:entry=essedum-cn

The text is referring specifically to the war chariot used by the Britons:

https://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_Romana/britannia/boudica/chariot.html