02.08.24: Level 1; Maxey (8)

https://www.usu.edu/markdamen/latin1000/Chapters/02ch.htm

Hīc non habitat vir. Ibi habitat vir. Hic vir est poēta clārus et benignus. Casam habet et cūrat. Nunc fēminae in silvā ambulant. Nunc poēta iānuam aperit et feminās videt. Fēminae rosās portant. Poētae rosās ostendunt et poēta est laetus quod rosae fēminārum sunt grātae et rosās nōn habet. Fēminae poētae rosās dant. Poēta fēminīs grātiās agit. Hoc dōnum est poētae grātum. Nunc iānuam claudit. Rosās cūrat et laudat.

Interdum poēta est in scholā quod amīcus magistrae est. Saepe fābulās nārrat. In silvā cum discipulīs ambulat quoque. Saepe discipulī cum poētā ambulāre cupiunt. Poēta est discipulīs cārus. Est benignus quoque. Suntne poētae tibi benignī? Poētae sunt mihi benignī, sed ego sum magistra. Esne tū poēta? Pater meus est poēta et in Britanniā habitat. Epistulās patris meī legere cupiō. Interdum in epistulīs patris sunt dōna. Bene est. Patrī grātiās agō, quod dōna sunt pecūnia et pictūrae. Ē multīs terrīs pater pictūrās portat. Pater meus est poēta clārus. Fāma est magna.

Find the Latin; again, take a look at the endings of the nouns and how those nouns are working in the sentences and phrases:

SINGULAR

[1] Nominative

[i] the noun is peforming the action in the sentence

• The poet opens the door.
• The poet is in school.

[ii] the noun is the predicate e.g. He is a soldier

• This man is a poet.
• I am a teacher.
• Are you a poet?

[2] Genitive: the ‘possessor’ the person, and many other expressions which translate into English with ‘of’

• The poet is a friend of the teacher.

[3] Dative: the indirect object, the person / thing to whom / which, for example something is given or for whom / which something is done

• They show the roses to the poet
• This gift is pleasing to the poet = The poet likes the gift

[4] Accusative: the direct object of the sentence i.e. the person/ thing that is experiencing the action

• He has a cottage.
• He looks after the cottage.
• The poet opens the door.
• He closes the door.

[5] Ablative: many uses but is often found with prepositions e.g. in (in / on), cum (with) ē / ex (out of), all of which appear in the text

• He walks …. in the forest.
• The pupils wish to walk with the poet.

PLURAL

[1] Nominative

• The women are walking

[2] Genitive

• The roses of the women [= the women’s roses] are pleasing

[3] Dative

• The poet thanks (is grateful to) the women.

[4] Accusative

• He sees the women.

[5] Ablative

• There are gifts in the letters.
• My father brings pictures from (out of) many countries.

 

01.08.24: Level 2; Dē crocodīlō [3]

aperiō, aperīre, aperuī [4]: open

cadō, cadere, cecidī [3]: fall

extrahō, extrahere, extrāxī [3]: drag / pull out

haereō, haerēre, haesī [3]: stick

obeō, obīre, obiī [irr.]: go to meet; mortem obeō: die

Iēiūnus, -a, -um: hungry

quamquam: although

[A]

1. How did the crocodile describe the third son? [1 point]
2. Here is an example where a test question may want a lot of detail in an answer. Identify ‘blocks’ of information: Describe what happened when the crocodile wanted to eat the boy. [9 points] (Answer in the comments): [1] Ad porcī cadāver celeriter natāvit, │ [2] ōs aperuit, │ [3] porcum dēvorāvit. │ Sed [4] hāmus │ [5] in ōre eius │ [4] haesit │ et [6] senex │ [7] Rōbertum │ [8] fūne │ [9] ē flūmine Nīlō │ [6] extrāxit.*
3. What did the man think it was not right for the crocodile to do? [1 point]
4. What did he do to the crocodile? [1 point]
5. Where was the crocodile kept? [1 point]
6. What did the emperor’s slave do? [2 points]
7. How do we know that the crocodile died happily? [2 points]

[B] Find the Latin

1. He heard the boy wailing …
2. He thought to himself …
3. It isn’t proper ¦ for you (to eat…)
4. … filled with sleep and food…

 ____________________

[1] He quickly swam to the the body of the pig │ [2] opened (his) mouth │ and [3] devoured the pig. But [4] the hook stuck │ [5] in his mouth │ [6] and the old man dragged │ [7] Robert / the crocodile │ [8] with the line │ [9] out of the river Nile.

31.07.24: Level 1; Ora Maritima [6](3)

 

Agellus patruī meī in Cantiō est, inter Dubrās et Rutupiās situs. Dubrae et Rutupiae oppida antīqua sunt. Multa sunt monumenta antīqua in Britanniā, multa vestīgia Rōmānōrum. Reliquiae villārum, oppidōrum, amphitheātrōrum Rōmānōrum hodiē exstant. Multae viae Rōmānae in Britanniā sunt.

In Cantiō est via Rōmāna inter Rutupiās et Londinium. Solum Britannicum multōs nummōs aureōs, argenteōs, aēneōs et Britannōrum et Rōmānōrum occultat. Rusticīs nummī saepe sunt causa lucrī, cum arant vel fundāmenta aedificiōrum antīquōrum excavant. Nam nummōs antīquōs magnō pretiō vēnumdant. Patruō meō magnus numerus est nummōrum Rōmānōrum.

Vocabulary

Dubrae, -ārum [1/f/pl]: Dover

Rutupiae, -ārum [1/f/pl]: Richborough

exstō, -āre [1]: exist

occultō, -āre [1]: hide

reliquiae, -ārum [1/f/pl]: remains

vēnumdō, -āre [1]: sell

Notes

[1] The text reviews neuter nouns in the 2^nd declension:

lucrum, -ī [2/n]: profit

monumentum, -ī [2/n]: monument

oppidum, -ī [2/n]: town

solum, -ī [2/n]: soil

aedificium, -ī [2/n]: building

amphitheātrum, -ī [2/n]:

Cantium, -ī [2/n]: promontory in England; now Kent

Londinium, -ī [2/n]: London

pretium, -ī [2/n]: price

vestigium, -ī [2/n]: trace

[2] The use of the dative to express:

[i] to whom something is of benefit

• Rusticīs nummī saepe sunt causa lucrī │ The coins are often a source of profit for the countryfolk.

[ii] possession

• Patruō meō magnus numerus est ¦ nummōrum Rōmānōrum. │[Literally: To my uncle (there is a large number) = My uncle has a large number ¦ of Roman coins.

[3] The use of the ablative to express the price for which something is sold.

• Nam nummōs antīquōs magnō pretiō vēnumdant. │ For they sell the ancient coins for / at a high price.

[4] A number of towns in Latin are in the plural:

• Dubrae: Dover
• Rutupiae: Richborough

Therefore, they will decline as plural nouns:

• inter Dubrās et Rutupiās

The most well-known of these types of plural place names is Athēnae (Athens).

 

30.07.24: Level 1; Maxey (7)

Haec est casa Americāna. Haec casa iānuam habet. Iānua est clausa. Multās fenestrās quoque habet. Fenestrae sunt magnae. Fenestra Americāna mihi grāta est. Estne tibi grāta?

Haec est casa Rōmāna. Casa nōn est magna; est parva.

Iānuam habet. Iānua est aperta. Fenestrās habet sed nōn multās fenestrās. Fenestrae Rōmānae nōn sunt magnae; sunt parvae. Fenestrae Rōmānae sunt altae. Nōn sunt clārae. Fenestrās Rōmānās nōn amō. Fenestrās Americānās laudō. Americānī fenestrās apertās saepe habent. Fenestrae Rōmānae nōn sunt apertae; sunt clausae. Fenestrās apertās laudō.

The door is closed.

The house / cottage isn’t big.

The windows are large.

__________

This house has a door.

It also has many windows.

__________

Nominative plural: fenestrae

Accusative plural: fenestrās

 

29.07.24: Level 2; Dē crocodīlō [2]

adligō, adligāre, adligāvī [1]: bind / tie (to)

dolus, -ī [2/m]: trick

excōgitō, excōgitāre, excōgitāvī [1] devise; think up

fūnis, -is [3/m]: line; rope; cord

hāmus, -ī [2/m]: hook

omnīnō: entirely; utterly

ululō, ululāre, ululāvī [1]: howl

venter, ventris [3/m]: belly; stomach

[A]

1. What did the man think would happen to the second son? [1 point]
2. Why did the second son not see the body of his brother? [2 points]
3. What did the third son feel about the crocodile? [2 points]
4. What did the father think up? [1 point]
5. What did he carry to the river bank? [2 points]
6. What did the father do with the hook? [4 points]: Hāmum quoque habēbat, quem │[i] in porcī │[ii] cadāvere cēlāvit │ et [iii] ad fūnem │ [iv] adligāvit.

[B] What case are the nouns in bold and why is that case being used?

1. Deinde senex secundō fīliō … exclāmāvit.
2. Spectā cadāver frātris tuī!
3. Nōlī ad flūmen Nīlum adīre!
4. Namque in Nīlō habitat crocodīlus …
5. … frātrem tuum dēvorāvit…
6. … namque iam [1] in ventre [2] Rōbertī iacēbat
7. …vidēns hunc stultum puerum

Notes:

[1] … et fīlium tertium ¦ in rīpā stantem ¦ longō baculō pulsāvit. │ …and, with a long stick, he beat the third son ¦ standing on the bank; again, ‘stantem’ is an example of a present active participle which will be discussed after these texts.

[2] magnā vōce ¦ ululāvit │ he howled ¦ in a loud voice; ablative case to indicate the manner in which an action is performed 

28.07.24: Level 1; Ora Maritima [6](2); cloze

book: https://www.facebook.com/groups/latinforstarters/permalink/445400638071210/

Agellus patruī meī in __________ est, inter Dubrās et Rutupiās situs. Dubrae et Rutupiae __________ antīqua sunt. Multa sunt __________ antīqua in Britanniā, multa __________ Rōmānōrum. Reliquiae villārum, __________, __________ Rōmānōrum hodiē exstant. Multae viae Rōmānae in Britanniā sunt. In Cantiō est via Rōmāna inter Rutupiās et Londinium. __________ Britannicum multōs nummōs aureōs, argenteōs, aēneōs et Britannōrum et Rōmānōrum occultat. Rusticīs nummī saepe sunt causa lucrī, cum arant vel __________ __________ antīquōrum excavant. Nam nummōs antīquōs magnō __________ vēnumdant. Patruō meō magnus numerus est nummōrum Rōmānōrum.

aedificiōrum; amphitheātrōrum; Cantiō; fundāmenta; monumenta

oppida; oppidōrum; pretiō; solum; vestīgia

27.07.24: Level 1: Maxey (6)

Epistulam habeō. Epistulam nautae ostendō. Nauta epistulam videt. Epistulam spectat. Est epistula nautae. Nauta epistulam cupit. Nautae epistulam dō. Nunc epistulam habet et laetus est. Mihi grātiās agit. Epistulam legit. In epistulā est pictūra. Nunc mihi pictūram mōnstrat.

[1] Find the noun in the text.

[2] What ending does the noun have?

[3] Why is that ending being used?

a.      The sailor sees the letter.

b.      I have a letter.

c.      I show [i] the letter [ii] to the sailor.

d.      It’s the sailor’s letter [= the letter ¦ of the sailor]

e.      It’s the letter of the sailor.

f.        I give [i] the letter [ii] to the sailor.

g.       There is a picture in the letter.

h.      There is a picture in the letter.

__________

Nominative: epistula

Genitive: epistulae

Dative: epistulae

Accusative: epistulam

Ablative: epistulā

__________

Match the case name with its use

Nominative:

Genitive:

Dative:

Accusative:

Ablative:

The ‘owner’ of something e.g. This is my brother’s friend.

Many uses including with prepositions such as ‘in’.

The direct object of a sentence e.g. I read a book.

The subject of the sentence or after the verb ‘to be’: The book belongs to me. It’s a book about history.

The indirect object of a sentence e.g. I give a book to a friend.