Wednesday, October 16, 2024

17.10.24: Follow-up on the previous post; ghosts etc. [7] witches and wizards

Quōmodo dīcitur "witch"?

[1] sāga, -ae [1/f]: witch; sooth-sayer; prophetess

[2] striga, -ae [1/f]: [i] witch; sorceress; hag [ii] vampire; the word is derived from Anc. Gk στρίξ [stríx] ‘a screech-owl,’ a creature believed by the ancients to suck the blood of young children

https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0062:entry=striga-harpers

[3] strīx, strīgis [3/f]: screech-owl; the bird was believed to bring bad omens and became associated with evil spirits and vampirism

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/screech_owl#English

[4] venēfica, -ae [1/f]: [i] witch; sorceress [ii] female poisoner

[5] image #1: haruspex, haruspicis [3/m]: diviner (who read the intestines of sacrificed animals); sooth-sayer; the term is clearly indicated in the inscription

[6] augur, -is [3 m/f]: also a diviner or soothsayer who based predictions on the flights of birds; augurium, -ī [2/n]: augury, referring to the practice of this type of divination

[7] magus, -ī [2/m]: wizard; magician; the term could also be used both in a derogatory way to refer to a trickster or a charlatan and to describe the Magician of the Tarot cards; the feminine equivalent is maga, -ae [1/f]: enchantress; magician (fem.); witch

[8] maleficus, -ī [2/m]: evildoer; sorcerer; magician

[9] From the last word, we find far less “fun” mythological stuff in the feminine form of maleficus:

image #2: Malleus Maleficārum │ the Hammer of Witches, a book published in 1486 which proposed that witches be burned at the stake; the book was revived, ironically, during the period of the Renaissance and partly contributed to the prosecution of witches in the 16th and 17th century; the image shows the 1574 edition

https://en.wikipedia.org/.../Witch_trials_in_early_modern...

[10] Image #3: from Latin familiāris, -e (belonging to the household; familiar; intimate) or from the related noun familiāris,-is [3/m] (servant; acquaintance), there is the English derived term familiar. A witch’s familiars were attendant evil spirits often in the form of animals. We tend to associate witches with black cats but the image from 1579 of Hainous and Horrible Actes Committed by Elizabeth Stile also shows toads.

image #4: early - possibly the earliest - depiction of witches on broomsticks (1451)

Some Halloween reading from the Roman authors:

https://medium.com/.../wicked-witches-of-latin-literature...

And if you want to know how to spot a witch, the UK Monty Python comedy team, mocking the brainless English peasantry in the 10th century, will tell you ...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rf71YotfykQ




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