21.04.25: Level 2: topic; Mankind; the human body; accident and illness [1]: Comenius XXXVI (1658); Homō / Man

The entire work can be found here:

https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/28299/pg28299-images.html

[i] Adam, 1. the first Man, was made by God after his own Image the sixth day of the Creation, of a lump of Earth.  │ Adamus, 1. prīmus Homō, fōrmātus est ā Deō ad Imāginem suam sextā diē Creātiōnis, ē Glēbā Terræ.

[ii] And Eve, 2.the first Woman, was made of the Rib of the Man. │ Et Eva, 2. prīma mulier, fōrmāta est ē costā virī.

[iii] These, being tempted by the Devil under the shape of a Serpent, 3. when they had eaten of the fruit of the forbidden Tree, 4. were condemned, 5. to misery and death, with all their posterity, and cast out of Paradise, 6. │ Hī, sēductī ā Diabolō sub speciē Serpentis, 3. cum comederent dē frūctū vetitæ arboris, 4. damnātī sunt, 5. ad miseriam & mortem, cum omnī posteritāte suā, & ēiectī ē Paradīsō 6.

vocabulary

costa, -ae [1/f]: (anatomy) rib

glēba, -ae [1/f] or glaeba, -ae [1/f]: lump (of earth); clod; mass

paradīsus, -ī [2/m]: [i] (CL) park; orchard [ii] (Eccl.) [a] Eden i.e. the paradise home of the first humans; [b] Paradise: the home of the blessed after death

sē¦dūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus [3]: lead astray; seduce; note the way this verb is listed i.e. it has a prefix which is only given once, the rest of the verb showing its unprefixed forms

vetitus, -a, um: forbidden

notes

perfect passive voice; ablative of source / material

[a] Adamus … [i] fōrmātus est ¦ [ii] ā Deō … ¦ [iii] ē glēbā ¦ terræ. │ Adam … [i] was created ¦ [ii] by God ¦ [iii] from / out of a lump ¦ of earth.

[b] Eva … [i] fōrmāta est ¦ ē costā ¦ virī. │ Eve [i] was made ¦ [ii] of / from / out of the rib ¦ of the man.

ē glēbā (terrae) and ē costā (virī) are examples of the ablative of source / material i.e. it denotes from where something is derived or from which something is made; when referring to the material it is coveyed by the the use of the prepositions ē(x) or dē:

Erat tōtus ¦ ex fraude et mendāciō ¦ factus. │ He was entirely made up ¦ of fraud and (of) falsehood.

factum ¦ dē cautibus ¦ antrum │ a cave formed ¦ from rocks

Templum ¦ dē marmore ¦ pōnam. │ I’ll build a temple ¦ of marble.

[b] [i] Hī, … ¦ [i] damnātī sunt, ad miseriam et mortem … et [ii] ēiectī ē Paradīsō (sunt).

Neither in English nor in Latin is there a need to repeat were / sunt i.e. in grammatical terms ēiectī is dependent upon sunt:

They (these people) … [i] were condemned to misery and death … and [ii] (were) cast out from Paradise.

[ii] Hī, [iii] sēductī ā Diabolō … │ They ¦ (having been / who had been) tempted by the Devil …

Here the perfect passive participle stands alone; its literal translation is “having been tempted” but, as in the Latin, it can be translated equally neatly as a single word in English.