29.05.25: Level 2; Sonnenschein; Ora Maritima; Pāx Violāta [2]; listening

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"Britannī pācem nōn violāverant, sed Rōmānī pācis nōn cupidī erant. Itaque aestāte annī quartī et quinquāgēsimī ante Christum nātum dux Rōmānus cum quinque legiōnibus mīlitum Rōmānōrum et magnō numerō equitum et auxiliōrum Gallicōrum iterum in Britanniam nāvigāvit. Tempestās erat idōnea, sed in mediā nāvigātiōne ventus nōn iam flābat; itaque mīlitibus necesse erat nāvigia rēmīs incitāre. Impigrē rēmigāvērunt, et postrīdiē nāvigia ad ōram Britannicam prosperē applicāvērunt. Labor rēmigandī magnus erat, virtūs mīlitum magnopere laudanda. Britannī Rōmānōs in scopulīs ōrae maritimae exspectābant; sed postquam multitūdinem nāvigiōrum et mīlitum equitumque spectāvērunt, in fugam sē dedērunt. Caesar nāvigia sua inter Dubrās et Rutupiās applicāvit, ut putō, nōn procul ā locō quō priōre annō applicāverat. Inde contrā Britannōs properāvit. Intereā ūnam legiōnem cum trecentīs equitibus ad castra in statiōne reservābat: nam perīculōsum erat nāvigia ad ancorās dēligāta dēfensōribus nūdāre."

[1] Which of the following statements are true (T) or false (F)?

["Britannī pācem nōn violāverant, sed Rōmānī pācis nōn cupidī erant. Itaque aestāte annī quartī et quinquāgēsimī ante Christum nātum dux Rōmānus cum quinque legiōnibus mīlitum Rōmānōrum et magnō numerō equitum et auxiliōrum Gallicōrum iterum in Britanniam nāvigāvit. Tempestās erat idōnea, sed in mediā nāvigātiōne ventus nōn iam flābat; itaque mīlitibus necesse erat nāvigia rēmīs incitāre. Impigrē rēmigāvērunt, et postrīdiē nāvigia ad ōram Britannicam prosperē applicāvērunt.]

[i] The Britons had violated peace agreements.

[ii] The Romans did not want peace.

[iii] They sailed to Britannia in the spring of 54BC.

[iv] They sailed to Britannia in the spring of 54AD.

[v] They sailed to Britannia in the summer of 54BC.

[vi] They had five legions and a large number of cavalry.

[vii] They had a large number of cavalry and Germanic auxiliary forces.

[viii] They sailed in favourable weather.

[ix] The wind kept blowing.

[x] They had to row the ships.

[2] Answer the questions with single words or short phrase:

[Impigrē rēmigāvērunt, et postrīdiē nāvigia ad ōram Britannicam prosperē applicāvērunt. Labor rēmigandī magnus erat, virtūs mīlitum magnopere laudanda. Britannī Rōmānōs in scopulīs ōrae maritimae exspectābant; sed postquam multitūdinem nāvigiōrum et mīlitum equitumque spectāvērunt, in fugam sē dedērunt]

[i] How did they row the ships?

[ii] When did they reach the British coastline?

[iii] What was the rowing like?

[iv] How are the soldiers described?

[v] Where were the Britons waiting?

[vi] (a) What did the Britons eventually do and (b) why?

[3] Complete the Latin text by referring to the English translation and using the words and phrases listed below.

[Caesar nāvigia sua __________ Dubrās et Rutupiās __________, __________, nōn __________ ā locō quō __________ annō __________. __________ __________ Britannōs properāvit. __________ ūnam legiōnem cum __________ equitibus ad castra in __________ reservābat: nam __________ erat nāvigia ad ancorās __________ dēfensōribus __________."]

Caesar steered his ships between Dover and Richborough, in my opinion, not far from the place (to) where he had steered his ships the previous year. From there he rushed against the Britons. Meanwhile he held in reserve one legion with 300 cavalarymen on watch at the camp, for it was dangerous to deprive of defenders the ships tied together at anchor.

applicāverat; applicāvit; contrā; dēligāta; inde; inter; intereā; nūdāre; perīculōsum; priōre; prōcul; statiōne; trecentīs; ut putō