Wednesday, July 2, 2025

08.10.25: Level 1; Carolus et Maria [7][i]

Carolus et Maria VII

In silvā est casa parva et pulchra. Ibi habitat Helena, amīca Mariae. Helena est fīlia pulchra agricolae bonī. Frātrēs et sorōrēs habet. Agricola est pater benignus. Clārus nōn est quod fāma est parva, sed Helenae est benignus. Hic vir magnam pecūniam nōn habet. Helena saepe cum Mariā in silvā ambulat. Silva est alta et magna. Puellae silvam laudant quod puellīs silva est grāta. Maria Helenam amat. Maria Helenae fābulās de Italiā nārrat et amīcae pictūrās Italiae mōnstrat. Ex fenestrā Maria silvam videt, et saepe casam Helenae spectāre cupit, sed silva est magna.

Nunc Maria fenestram aperit. Laeta est quod ibi rosās videt. Helena rosās habēre cupit. Maria in viā ambulat et rosās portat. Maria Helenae rosās ostendere cupit et Helena est laeta. Hae puellae sunt amīcae cārae. Helenae rosae sunt grātae quod rosās in casā nōn habet. Iānua Helenae est aperta. Nunc ibi est Helena. 

Maria: Salvē, Helena.

Helena: Salvē, Maria.

Maria: Hoc est dōnum. Tibi rosās dō.

Helena: Tibi grātiās agō. Semper rosās cupiō. Tū es mihi benigna.

Maria: amō, quod es amīca mea cāra.

Helena: Habēsne multās rosās? Cūrāsne tū rosās?

Maria: Ita, multās habeō. Ego rosās cūrō. Interdum rosās Carolus cūrat. Rosae sunt mihi grātae et hās cūrāre cupiō.

Helena: Cūr Carolus rosās cūrāre nōn cupit?

Maria: Carolus est puer et rosae nōn semper puerīs grātae sunt. Frāter meus fābulās legere cupit et in silvā cum virīs labōrat. Interdum cum amīcō, Cassiō, ambulat. Cassius Carolō est cārus quod hī sunt amīcī. Tū es mihi cāra quod tū es amīca mea. Valē, Helena.

Helena: Valē, Maria.

Helena iānuam claudit.

Vocabulary

[1]

fenestra: window

iānua: door

rosa: rose

silva: forest; wood

[2]

es amīca mea │ you are my friend

amō │ I like / love you

tibi rosās dō │ I am giving roses to you

[3]

benignus, -a, -um: kind

  • Helena > Helenae est benignus │ he is kind to Helena
  • ego > Tū es mihi benigna │ You are kind to me

cārus, -a, -um: dear

  • Carolus > Cassius Carolō est cārus │ Cassius is dear to Carolus
  • ego > Tū es mihi cāra │ You are dear to me

clārus, -a, -um: famous

grātus, -a, -um: pleasing

  • Helena > Helenae rosae sunt grātae │ The roses are pleasing to Helena = Helena likes the roses
  • Puerī > rosae nōn puerīs grātae sunt │ The roses are not pleasing to the boys = the boys don’t like the roses
  • puellae > puellīs silva est grāta │ The forest is pleasing to the girls = the girls like the forest
  • ego > Rosae sunt mihi grātae │ The roses are pleasing to me = I like the roses

[4]

cum (+ ablative case): (together) with

  • Maria > cum Mariā … ambulat │ he is walking with Maria
  • amīcus > cum amīcō … ambulat │ he is walking with a friend
  • virī > cum virīs labōrat │ he is working with the men

ibi: there

[5]

[i]

ambulō: I walk / am walking

Maria in viā ambulat │ Maria is walking in the street

[ii]

Ego rosās cūrō │ I take care of the roses

Cūrāsne tū rosās? │ Do you take care of the roses?

Rosās Carolus cūrat │ Carolus takes care of the roses

Hās cūrāre cupiō. │ I want to take care of them

[iii]

claudō: I close

Helena iānuam claudit │ Helena closes the door

[iv]

aper: I open

Maria fenestram aperit │ Maria opens the window

Notes

One of the important aspects of this entire book is its conscious repetition of the case endings and the way in which it manipulates the language to show certain very common features.  

[1] Do not try to learn all the case endings at once.

[2] Begin to identify the main uses of these case.

The image shows [1] the case endings for the 1st declension of nouns and [2] the main uses of the cases for all nouns. You can see that this is can be summarised even with one example sentence although two are listed for each one. The two examples for the ablative case show three of the most common prepositions used.

Nominative     

silva est magna │ the forest is large

Maria fābulās nārrat│ Maria tells stories

Genitive            

Helena est fīlia agricolae │ Helena is a farmer’s daughter / the daughter of a farmer

pictūrās Italiae mōnstrat │ she shows pictures of  Italy

Dative

Maria Helenae fābulās nārrat │ Maria tells stories to Helena

Helenae rosae sunt grātae│ the roses are pleasing to Helena

Accusative

puellae silvam laudant│ the girls praise the forest

Maria fenestram aperit│ Maria opens the window

Ablative

Helena cum Mariā in silvā ambulat │ Helena is walking with Maria in the forest

ex fenestrā Maria silvam videt│ out of the window Maria sees the forest



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