23.02.25: Level 3; reading; the four seasons [1]; spring

Dē vēre

Vēre sōl in caelō scandit. Singulī diēs longiōrēs fīunt. Singulae noctēs breviōrēs fīunt. Sōl vēris calēscit. Nix hiemis liquēscit. Auster pluviam fert. Herba ē terrā nāscitur. Nūdī agrī iterum viridēs fīunt. Arborēs folia prōdūcunt. Avēs ex austrō revertuntur. Silvae cantū sonant. Flōrēs aperiuntur.

Iuvat in agrōs silvāsque exīre. Bovēs iterum per collēs et vallēs herbā pāscuntur. Virī et puerī cum equīs exeunt. In agrīs labōrant. Agrōs arant. Sēmina et arborēs serunt. Arborēs serit dīligēns agricola, quārum adspiciet frūctum ipse numquam. Serit arborēs, quae alterī saeculō prōsint.

Vocabulary: note in particular the words in bold

scandō, -ere; scandī [3]: ascend

singulus, -a, -um: (here) one by one; one at a time

auster, -trī [2/m]: the south wind

nāscitur: is born

prōdūcō,-ere; prōdūxī [3]: produce

revertuntur: (they) return

sonō, -āre; sonuī [1]: resound

aperiuntur: (they) are being opened

iuvat [+ īnfīnītīve]: it is pleasing [to ...]

pāscuntur [+ abl.]: (they) feed [on ...]

sēmen, seminis [3/n]: seed

sērō, -ere; sēvī [3]: sow; plant

ipse: himself

alter, -a, -um: (here) the next

saeculum, -ī [2/n]: generation; century

prōsum, prōdesse; prōfuī [+ dat.]: be of benefit [to...]

[A]

1. How do the days and nights change in Spring?
2. How does the temperature change?
3. What happens to the snow?
4. What does the South Wind bring?
5. What appears from the earth?
6. What were the fields like before Spring and how are they now?
7. What do the trees do?
8. What return from the South?How do you know they are back?
9. What happens to the flowers?
10. What is it pleasant to do?
11. Where do the cattle feed?
12. Who come with horses?
13. What do they do?
14. Why will the farmer never see the trees that he plants?

[B] Review the grammar terms; the following are examples of which grammatical features listed below?

adspiciet

aperiuntur

calēscit; liquēscit

cantū; fructum

cum equīs; ē terrā; ex austrō; dē vēre

in agrōs; in agrīs

longiōrēs; breviōrēs

per collēs / per vallēs

quae; quārum

viridēs; diligēns

• 3^rd  declension adjectives
• 4^th declension nouns
• comparative adjectives
• future tense verb
• inchoative verbs (indicate the process of becoming something)
• preposition that only takes the accusative case
• preposition that takes both the accusative and the ablative case
• prepositions that only take the ablative case
• present passive verb
• relative pronouns