Tuesday, May 7, 2024

08.05.24: review; Cornelia, an American Girl

This post and the next are from two reading books for youngsters learning Latin. Like the previous posts they are here to show words operating in context.

https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Cornelia_Puella_Americana

“Cornelia” by Mima Maxey was written for schools in 1933. She bases the story on an American girl which would have helped her pupils to connect the language with the world around them in the same way that Comenius did in the 17th century.

These little books were carefully written to introduce language gradually. In this extract she uses a range of present tense and imperfect tense verbs. She also includes some very common adverbs and other key words.

One point to note is that the author uses the present tense to describe past events. This was a feature in some original Classical Latin writing i.e. to use the present tense to make the action more vivid. The translation however, keeps the present tenses to show how those present tense English verbs match with the Latin ones, but it would be possible to put the entire text into the past which is the more usual way in English.

The translation, if you need it, is posted in the comments.

__________

Māne hodiē Cornēlia ad scholam ībat. Agrī erant pulchrī et per agrōs laetē ībat. Per agrōs fluēbat flūmen parvum. Prope flūmen erant flōrēs pulchrī. Diū inter flōrēs prope flūmen Cornēlia manēbat quod diēs erat pulcher et puella erat laeta. Ecce! Subitō cum puella nōn longē ā flūmine abest, aliquis vidētur. Hic vir est paene caecus et miser et malus. Quam timida est Cornēlia! Vir ācriter clāmat. Pecūniam postulat. Puella nōn respondet quod multum timet. Ad mūrum quī est circum agrōs currit. Vir puellam stāre iubet, sed Cornēlia nōn stat. Vir quoque currit. Cum nōn longē abest, iterum pecūniam postulat quod pecūniam multum dēsīderat. Cornēlia pecūniam ad virum iacit sed nōn magnam pecūniam habet. Vir est īrātus quod magnam pecūniam dēsīderat, sed nōn magnam pecūniam accipit. Puella iterum currit et nunc ācriter clāmat quod est prope scholam et sociōs. Vir pecūniam in flūmen iacit, et flōrēs frūmentumque agricolae vāstat. Tum properat longē ab illō locō. Ubi puerī puellaeque ad mūrum veniunt, vir nōn vidētur, neque posteā prope illum locum vidētur.

__________

A few words of vocabulary since most have come up before:

aliquis: someone

caecus, -a, -um blind

iubeō, iubēre [2]: order, command (and what you order the person to do is in the infinitive)

postulō, postulāre [1]: ask for; demand

socius, -ī [2/m]: (here) companion; in Classical Latin literature, especially with military themes, it means 'ally'

vāstō, vāstāre [1]: most often appears in vocabulary and dictionaries as 'lay waste' but can refer to 'ruin' or 'destroy'; often used in the literature to refer to destroying fields or 'flattening' territories.

Find the Latin

Verbs:

[present]

1. The man is shouting.

2. He demands money.

3. The girl does not reply.

4. Cornelia doesn’t stand.

5. He destroys the flowers.

6. The man orders Cornelia to stand.

7. She is very afraid [= she fears a lot]

8. Cornelia doesn’t have much money.

9. She runs to the wall.

10. Cornelia throws the money to the man.

11. He doesn’t receive / get much money.

12. The boys come to the wall.

13. The man is angry.

14. Since he isn’t far away …

[imperfect]

15. It was a beautiful day.

16. The fields were beautiful.

17. Flowers were near the river.

18. Cornelia was going to school.

19. She was walking happily through the fields.

20. A small river was flowing through the fields.

21. Cornelia remained for a long time.

[passive]

22. Somebody is seen / can be seen.

23. The man isn’t seen / can’t be seen

Others [these are in bold in the text above; try to match them]

1. afterwards

2. again

3. almost

4. also

5. among

6. and

7. around

8. because

9. bitterly; harshly

10. but

11. far

12. for a long time

13. happily

14. how (scared she is)

15. in the morning

16. nor

17. now

18. since

19. suddenly

20. then

21. today

22. when

23. this man

24. from that place

25. near that place

__________

Cornelia was going to school this morning. The fields were beautiful and she was walking happily through the fields. A small river flowed through the fields. There were beautiful flowers near the river. Cornelia remained among the flowers near the river for a long time because the day was beautiful and the girl was happy. Behold! Suddenly, when the girl was not far from the river, someone is seen. This man is almost blind and miserable and evil. How scared Cornelia is! The man shouts out sharply. He demands money. The girl does not answer because she is very afraid. She runs to the wall that is around the fields. The man orders the girl to stand, but Cornelia does not stand. The man also runs. Since he is not far away, he again demands money, because he greatly desires money. Cornelia throws money at the man, but she does not have much money. The man is angry because he desires a lot of money, but he doesn't get a lot of money. The girl runs again and now cries loudly because she is near the school and her friends. The man throws money into the river, and destroys the farmers flowers and grain. Then he hurries away from that place. When the boys and girls come to the wall, the man cannot be seen seen, nor is he seen near that place afterwards.


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