This next longer text again shows you again the two types of
the future tense working together.
From Initium; translation in the comments
Publius is in trouble, and this little dialogue is set in
Ancient Rome where badly behaved schoolkids were not dealt with so kindly as
they are now!
dō, dare [1]: give
interpellō, interpellāre [1]: interrupt
stō, stāre [1]: stand
doleō, dolēre [2]: hurt; suffer (pain)
__________
effugiō, effugere [3-iō]: flee; escape
cōnsīdō, cōnsidere [3]: sit down
pergō, pergere [3]: continue
quaerō, quaerere [3]: seek; look out for
veniō, venīre [4]: come
inveniō, invenīre [4]: find
__________
redeō, redīre: return
sum, esse: be
pos│sum, posse: be able; it has the same endings as sum,
esse in all the tenses covered so far e.g. erō: I shall be
> pot│erō: I shall be able; all three tenses of both verbs are
reviewed below
____________________
Pūblius: Ō magister, parce mihi! Sedēre nōn iterum poterō.
Parce!
Magister: Parcam tibi, sī nōn iterum interpellābis.
Pūblius: Grātiās! Nōn iterum interpellābō.
Magister: Sinite cōnsīdere.
Pūblius: (summissā vōce) Nōn cōnsīdam, sed stābō.
Magister: Nunc pergēmus. Post duodecimam hōram erit prīma
hōra noctis, nam post diem veniet nox...
Pūblius: (susurrāns) Cum adultus erō, ut magistrō colaphōs
dabō!
Magister: Iterumne, furcifer? Vae tergō tuō, mox ut numquam
anteā dolēbit. Sed novās et validiōrēs virgās quaeram. (exit)
Pūblius: Ego effugiam. Cum* redībit magister mē nōn
inveniet! (per fenestram effugit)
___________________
[A] Vocabulary and notes:
colaphus, -ī [2/m]: a blow with the fist
furcifer, -ī [2/m]: rascal, rogue, scoundrel
susurrō, susurrāre [1]: whisper
virga, -ae [1/f]: stick
*The word cum in Latin has two entirely
separate functions and meanings:
[i] cum; preposition with the ablative case: (together) with
[ii] cum; conjunction; [i] when [ii] since (i.e. because)
[iii] although
Dealing with [ii] is another example of a feature of Latin
that takes time. How it is used, and what it precisely means,
affects the verbs in different ways. This is an example, but, as has been said
before, it’s certainly not the whole story.
Cum redībit [future] magister mē nōn inveniet!
[future] │ When the teacher returns [present], he will not
find [future] me.
Cum adultus erō [future], ut
magistrō colaphōs dabō! │ When I am [present] an
adult, how I will give [future] the teacher a punch (actually, colaphōs is
plural, and so he’ll give him several punches!)
Notice that the Latin sentence uses the future in both in
the same way that ubi functions in the text in the previous
post.
Nōn dubitābō dare operam ut tē
videam, cum id satis commodē facere poterō.
(Cicero) │ I shall not hesitate to take pains to see
you, when I can [will be able to] do it
conveniently.
[B] Find the Latin
1. (it) will be
2. He won’t find me
3. I shall forgive you
4. I shall look for
5. I shall not be able to sit
6. I will be
7. I will give
8. I won’t interrupt again
9. I won’t sit down
10. I’ll escape
11. I’ll stand
12. If you don’t interrupt
13. It will suffer
14. The night will come
15. The teacher will return
16. We will continue
____________________
Publius: O, teacher, spare me! I won’t be able to sit again.
Spare me.
Teacher: I will spare you, if you don’t interrupt again.
Publius: Thank you! I will not interrupt again.
Teacher: Release him, Marcus and Sextus. Let him sit down.
Publius: (in a low voice) I won’t sit, but I’ll stand.
Teacher: Now we will continue. After the twelfth hour it
will be the first hour of the night, for after the day, the night will come…
Publius: (whispering) When I'm grown up, I'll give the
master a punch or two!
Teacher: You again scoundrel? Woe to your rear, it will soon
hurt like never before. But I will seek new and stronger rods. (goes out)
Publius: I will escape. When the teacher returns, he will
not find me! (he escapes through the window)
No comments:
Post a Comment