Haec casa est domus fēminae benignae. Casa est casa alba. Post casam est hortus. Prope hortum est silva. In hortō sunt multī et pulchrī flōrēs. Sunt rosae rubrae et līlia purpurea quoque. Alta sunt līlia et pulchrae sunt rosae. Sunt aliī flōrēs quoque in hortō. Grātī fēminae benignae sunt flōrēs. Fēmina hortum nōn cūrat. Vir quī in aliā casā habitat [Line 5] hortum cūrat. Aestāte hortum cūrat; hieme nōn cūrat quod hieme sunt nūllī flōrēs in hortō. Bene vir labōrat. Cārus virō est hortus.
Hodiē vir nōn est in hortō. Herī hīc erat. Hodiē hīc nōn
est. Est aestās et in hortō est quiēs. Fēmina quiētem amat. Mox fēmina puerum
lacrimantem audit. Ad iānuam it. Nūllus puer est in viā. Mox puerum quī in
hortō labōrat videt. Est fīlius virī quī hortum [Line 10] cūrat. Hodiē puer
hortum cūrat et lacrimat. Puer nōn est in perīculō; nōn timet. Cūr lacrimat?
Fēmina puerum ad sē vocat. Fēmina hoc dīcit: “Cūr lacrimās, puer?” Tum puer
respondet: “Pater meus ad oppidum it et ego labōrō. Ego quoque ad oppidum īre
cupiō. Duōs equōs habet et ego equōs amō. In stabulō frūmentum equīs dō. Aquam
quoque dō. Ūnum equum semper cūrō. Ego quoque cum patre et equīs īre cupiō.”
[Line 15] Fēmina quae est fēmina benigna est maesta. Miserum
puerum! Fēmina et puer cēnam edunt. Tum fēmina flōrēs ex hortō capit et ad
oppidum it. Cum feminā it puer parvus quī nunc nōn lacrimat. Mox virum quī
hortum cūrat fēmina videt et dē puerō parvō quī nōn est puer malus nārrat.
Fēmina et vir et puer colloquium habent. Multās hōrās ibi manent. Vesperī domum
eunt.
Sentence building
[1]
The woman is …
The woman is sad …
The woman ¦ who is a kind woman ¦ is sad.
[2]
The man takes care of …
The man takes care of the garden
The man ¦ who lives in the other cottage ¦ takes care
of the garden.
[3]
The little boy goes …
The little boy … goes with the woman
The little boy ¦ who isn’t crying now ¦ goes with the
woman.
[4]
The woman soon sees …
The woman soon sees the man …
The woman soon sees the man ¦ who takes care of the
garden.
[5]
The woman talks …
The woman talks about the boy …
The woman talks about the small boy …
The woman talks about the small boy ¦ who isn’t a bad
boy.
Notes
quī [masculine]; quae [feminine]: who
Vir quī in aliā casā habitat hortum cūrat. │ The man who
lives in the other cottage takes care of the garden.
Fēmina quae est fēmina benigna est maesta. │ The
woman who is a kind woman is sad.
Mox puerum quī in hortō labōrat videt. │ She soon
sees the boy who is working in the garden.
Est fīlius virī quī hortum cūrat. │ It is the son of
the man who is taking care of the garden.
Cum feminā it puer parvus quī nunc nōn lacrimat. │
The little boy, who is not crying now, goes with the woman.
Mox virum quī hortum cūrat fēmina videt … │ The woman
soon sees the man who takes care of the garden …
et dē puerō parvō quī nōn est puer malus nārrat. │ …
and she talks about the little boy who is not a bad boy.
Quī / quae (who) in these sentences is not a question
but a relative pronoun, a word that joins two parts of a sentence
together.
Two separate sentences:
[i] Vir in aliā cāsā habitat. │ The man lives in the other
cottage
[ii] Vir hortum cūrat. │ The man looks after the garden.
Those two separate sentences can now be joined:
Vir ¦ quī in
aliā casā habitat ¦ hortum cūrat. │ The man ¦ who lives in another
cottage ¦ looks after the garden.
“… qui in aliā casā habitat …” │ “…who lives in another
cottage …” relates to or describes the man and so the construction introduced
by quī / quae is called in grammar a relative or adjectival clause.
When asking a question Latin uses quis? (who?); quis?
is an interrogative pronoun, the term ‘interrogative’ is used in grammar
to refer to a word such as who? what? where? etc.
Look at the difference between the two:
Quis est hic vir? │ Who is this man?
Quis est hic vir quī in viā iacet? │ Who is this man who
is lying in the street?
Quis est haec puella? │ Who is this girl?
Quis est haec puellae quae lacrimat? │ Who is this
girl who is crying?
No comments:
Post a Comment