Images #1 - #3: Poisoned, murdered, snatched away, and thrown off rocks: many people in Classical Latin literature – both real and fictional – came to unfortunate ends: match the perfect passive participles with the images.
cruciātus
dēiectus
fractum
mersus
necātus;
occīsus
percussus;
ictus
raptus
strangulātus
venēnātus
verberātus
Images
#4 - #5: Translate and, this time, note the ablative without ā/ab
expressing the means / instrument with / by which the action was performed
rather than by a person.
Some more sticky ends ….
- Mīles sagittā trānsfīxus est.
- Puer morsū serpentis venēnātus est.
- Rēx gladiō occīsus est.
- Domus incēnsa est.
- Nāvis tempestāte dēlēta est.
- Vir fulmine ictus est.
Image
#6: The city of Rome and the Roman Empire are often presented in terms of
violence; this is a skewed vision since the overwhelming majority of citizens
lived in peace, but Classical Latin literature does include many descriptions
of battles, political intrigue, rough justice, and the wrath of the Gods. Consequently,
it is useful to build up a ‘bank’ of vocabulary connected with these sorts of
themes.
cruciō, cruciāre, cruciāvī, cruciātūs [1]: torture; crucify
lacerō, lacerāre, lacerāvī, lacerātus [1]: tear to
pieces
necō, necāre, necāvī,
necātus [1]: kill; murder (especially
without physical wounding e.g. by poison or hunger)
strangulō,
strangulāre, strangulāvi, strangulātus [1]: strangle
superō, superāre, superāvī,
superātus, [1]: conquer; overcome
vastō, vastāre, vastāvī, vastātus [1]: lay waste
venēnō, venēnāre, venēnāvī,
venēnātus [1]: poison
verberō, verberāre,
verberāvī, verberātus [1]: whip; beat
____________________
dēleō, dēlēre,
dēlēvī, dēlētus [2]: destroy
obsideō, obsidēre,
obsēdī, obsessus [2]: besiege
____________________
[īcō], icere, īcī,
ictus [3]: hit; strike (In Classical Latin literature only the perfect forms
are found.)
caedō, caedere, caesī caesūs [3]: cut; strike; kill
frangō, frangere, frēgī,
frāctus [3]: break
incendō, incendere,
incendī, incēnsus [3]: set fire to
mergō, mergere, mersī, mersus [3]: plunge; drown
occīdō, occīdere, occīdī,
occīsus [3]: kill
submergō (also
summergō), submergere, submersī, submersus [3]: sink
trānsfīgō, trānsfīgere, trānsfīxī, trānsfīxus [3]: thrust through
____________________
dēiciō, dēicere, dēiēcī, dēiectūs [3-iō]: throw down
interficiō,
interficere, interfēcī, interfectus [3-iō]: kill; assassinate; slay
percutiō,
percutere, percussī, percussūs [3-iō]: strike;
beat
rapiō, rapere, rapuī, raptus [3-iō]: snatch; abduct
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