Tuesday, March 11, 2025

14.06.25: Level 3; Sonnenschein; Prō Patriā [3]; Cunobelīnus [1]: text; exercise; notes

Itaque per centum ferē annōs rēgēs Britannicī vel rēgīnae Britannicae in Britanniā rēgnāvērunt, nec Rōmānī Britannōs bellō vexāvērunt. In numerō eōrum rēgum erat Cunobelīnus. Is rēvērā "Britannōrum rēx" erat: sīc eum Suētōnius, scrīptor Rōmānus, nōminat. Nam quamquam nōn omnēs gentēs Britannicae eī subiectae erant, tamen magnam partem gentium Britanniae mediterrāneae et merīdiānae in ūnum rēgnum cōnsociāverat. Caput eārum gentium Camulodūnum erat. Exstant hodiē nummī Cunobelīnī; in eīs nōmen rēgis vel litterās nōnnūllās eius nōminis lēctitāre possumus: exstant quoque nummī patris eius Tasciovānī et frātris eius Epaticcī.

Cunobelīnus multōs annōs rēgnāvit; eō ferē tempore rēx Britannōrum erat cum Tiberius et Caligula prīncipēs Rōmānōrum erant. Eī ab annō quārtō decimō ad annum prīmum et quadrāgēsimum post Chrīstum nātum imperiō Rōmānō praeerant. Iēsus Chrīstus nātus erat dum Augustus prīnceps erat: mortī datus erat dum Tiberius imperitābat, ut Tacitus in capite quārtō et quadrāgēsimō librī quīntī decimī Annālium commemorat. Inter fīliōs Cunobelīnī erant Caractacus et Togodumnus. Is rēx magnus et bonus erat, atque dēfēnsor ācer lībertātis Britannicae. Sed Rōmānī tantum rēgem tolerāre nōn poterant. Itaque dē novā expedītiōne contrā Britanniam cōgitābant.

Poētae Rōmānī eius aetātis īnsulam nostram et incolās eius saepe commemorant. Horātius eōs "ferōs" et "remōtōs" et "intāctōs" id est "nōn dēbellātōs" vel "līberōs" nōminat: Vergilius eōs "tōtō orbe terrārum dīvīsōs" id est "sēparātōs" vocat. Mare eōs ab aliīs partibus orbis terrārum sēparābat; et lībertās eīs cāra erat. Prō ārīs et focīs suīs contrā Rōmānōs magnā virtūte pugnāverant, atque hostibus Rōmānōrum in bellō Gallicō auxilia subministrāverant. Itaque Rōmānī lībertātem eōrum nōn tolerābant.

Identify the cases and explain why they are being used:

[1] nec Rōmānī Britannōs bellō vexāvērunt

[2] magnam partem gentium Britanniae mediterrāneae

[3] Cunobelīnus multōs annōs rēgnāvit

[4] ferē tempore

[5] Eī … imperiō Rōmānō praeerant.

[6] mortī datus erat

[7] mare eōs ab aliīs partibus orbis terrārum sēparābat

[8] lībertās eīs cāra erat

[9] magnā virtūte pugnāverant

Notes

annālis, annālis [3/n]: chronicle; mainly in plural i.e. annālēs: chronicles, annals

gēns, gentis [3/f]: people; nation; tribe

mors, mortis [3/f]: death

orbis, orbis [3/m]: circle; ring; anything circular

orbis terrārum: the earth; the globe

pars, partis [3/f]: part

These nouns have been seen before. However, take a second look at them because they are all known as i-stem nouns, a topic which was referred to some time back. However, now at Level 3, we will take some time to discuss them again in more detail which will be the focus of the next few posts.

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[1] nec Rōmānī Britannōs bellō vexāvērunt │ and the Romans did not trouble the Britons with (by means of) war; ablative of means

[2] magnam partem gentium │ a large part / the majority of the tribes; partitive genitive; gēns, gentis [3/f]: tribe; nation

[3] Cunobelīnus multōs annōs rēgnāvit │ Cunobelinus ruled for many years; accusative of duration of time

[4] ferē tempore │ at around that time; ablative of time when

[5] Eī … imperiō Rōmānō praeerant. │ they were in charge of the Roman empire; dative after the verb praesum, praeesse

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/02/130425-level-3-verbs-with-dative-case-1.html

[6] mortī datus erat │ he was given to death [ = he was put to death]; dative of the indirect object

[7] mare eōs ab aliīs partibus orbis terrārum sēparābat │ the sea separated them from other parts of the world; ablative of separation

[8] lībertās eīs cāra erat │ freedom was dear to them; dative after the adjective cārus, -a, -um

[9] magnā virtūte pugnāverant │ they had fought with great courage; ablative of manner i.e. the way in which they fought


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