Tuesday, March 11, 2025

13.06.25: Level 2; Sonnenschein: Nāvēs Rōmānae [2]; vocabulary; images

image #1: classis, -is [3/f]: fleet; turris, -is [3/f]: tower; the relief shows the battle of Actium (31BC) resulting in the defeat of Antony and Cleopatra; on each ship is a turris, -is [3/f]  (tower)

image #2: nāvis, -is [3/f] longa: battle ship; galley; fresco found in the temple of Isis at Pompeii but the fresco does not depict a ship in a real battle, but taking part in a naumachia, -ae [1/f], the artificial recreation of a sea battle for the purpose of entertainment

images #3 and #4: nāvis onerāria, transport ship; merchant vessel; the first image is from the external wall of a house in Pompeii, the second depicting the offloading of goods from a merchant vessel, the goods then checked and registered

image #5: vēlum, -ī [2/n]; ship’s sail; floor mosaic with two approaching ships in the harbour of Portus

image #6: puppis, -is [3/f]; stern of the ship; mosaic with stern of trading vessel in Portus

image #7: carīna, -ae [1/f]: hull / keel of a ship; the hull of a Roman shipwreck, 55 feet in length

image #8: vitrea: glassware, from vitreus, -a, -um: made of glass; glassware from a 2,000 year old Roman shipwreck

images #9 and #10: rōstrum, -ī [2/n]: [i] the beak of a bird or the snout of an animal; [ii] the prow of a ship and also specifically referring to the battering ram; rostra from Roman warships sunk at the Battle of the Aegates Islands, off Sicily, against the Carthaginians in 241 BC.

The Romans also used the word ariēs, arietis [3/m], a ram / male sheep, to refer to battering “rams” used for breaking down walls and gates in land conflicts

https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0062:entry=aries-harpers

A ram is depicted in image #10, and four are visible in the bas-relief of the Battle of Actium [image #1]

the rostra are made of iron: ferreus, -a, -um

images #11 – 16:

ancora, -ae [1/f]: anchor; Roman anchors found in Maltese waters

catēna, -ae [1/f]: chain                            

fūnis, -is [3/m]: rope; the rope is from Egypt during the Roman period

lamina, -ae [1/f]: a thin piece of metal, wood, marble etc; one of the uses of lamina was in the creation of a dēfixiō, dēfixiōnis [3/f]: curse tablet, a scroll or an inscription often made of lead, the wording of which was intended to bring harm to a specific person:

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2024/10/181024-follow-up-on-previous-post.html

https://www.facebook.com/groups/latinforstarters/posts/540527341891872/

līnum, -ī [2/n]: flax, linen; from a cache of linen bandages discovered in Egypt in 1907, part of embalming refuse from the mummification of Tutankhamun                      

rōbur, rōboris [3/n]: oak; the image is of a Roman-style ship built of oak, discovered in Engand







No comments: