29.04.25: Level 2; topic; Mankind; the human body; accident and illness [4]: Comenius XXXVIII (1658); The Outward Parts of a Man. / Membra Hominis Externa [3]

[v] the loyns , 17.  are next the shoulders, with the hips, 18. and in the breech,* the buttocks, 19. │ lumbī, 17. excipiunt humerōs, cum coxīs, 18. & in pōdice, (cūlō) natēs, 19.

[vi] these make the foot; the thigh, 21. then the leg, 23. (the knee, being betwixt them, 22.) in which is the calf, 24. with the shin, 25. then the ankles, 26. the heel, 27. and the sole, 28. in the very end, the great toe, 29. with four (other) toes. │ absolvunt pedem; femur, 21. tum crūs, 23. (genū, 22. intermediō.) in quō sura, 24. cum tibiā, 25.** abhinc tālī, 26. calx, (calcāneum) 27. & solum, 28. in extrēmō hallux, 29. cum quāt(t)uor digitīs.

*anus; rectum

**the original text has “tilia”; again, I suspect that’s a spelling / typographical error (but it is in more than one edition); there is a word tilia, -ae [1/f]: lime tree, but what we need here is tibia

Vocabulary

cūlus, -ī [2/n]: in anatomy it refers to the anus and it was obviously an acceptable word for 17^th century schoolkids to learn although, in CL, it was also used as a vugar term i.e. “ar*e / ass”. If you’re looking for vulgarity, Catullus is the shop for it:

Non (ita me di ament) quicquam referre putavi

utrumne os an culum olfacerem Aemilio.

nilo mundius hoc, nihiloque immundius illud,

verum etiam culus mundior et melior:

nam sine dentibus est.

(Catullus 97)

So may the Gods love me, I did not think it made any difference whether I smelled Aemilius' mouth or his ar*e. In no respect is the latter cleaner, the former filthier; as a matter of fact, his backside is cleaner and better—for it comes without teeth.

Thank you for sharing, Catullus!

[a] vocabulary from [v] and [vi]: fill in the blanks with the genitive singular endings listed below.

calcāneum, calcāne__ [2/n]: heel; also calcāneus

calx, cal_is [3/f]: heel

coxa, cox__ [1/f]: hip; hip-bone

crūs, crū__is [3/n]: leg

digitus, digit__ [2/m]: finger; toe

femur, fem__is [3/n]: thigh; thigh-bone

genū, gen__ [4/n]: knee

hallux, hallu_is [3/m]: (Late Latin) big two; also: pollex, pollicis [3/m]: big toe; thumb

lumbus, lumb__ [2/m]: loin (in the plural: genitals)

natis, nat__ [3/f]: rump; buttocks

pōdex, pod__is [3/f]: anus; rectum

solum, sol__ [2/n]: [i] ground, floor, pavement; [ii] sole (of the foot)

sūra, sūr__ [1/f]: calf (of the leg)

tālus, tāl__ [2/m]: ankle; anklebone

tibia, tibi__ [1/f]: shin

-ae; -ae; -ae; -c-; -c-; -ī; -ī; -ī; -ī; -ī; -ic-; -is; -or-; -r-; -ūs

[b]

1. Genuflect is another word for __________
2. Where in the body is the lumbar region?