23.10.25: Level 1; Carolus et Maria [11][i]

Carolus et Maria XI 

Aestās est. Aestāte Carolus et Maria in scholā nōn semper labōrant. Hodiē in casā nōn manent. In silvā et agrō nōn manent. In viā ad oppidum ambulant. Laetī sunt quod est aestās. Ex viā silvam pulchram vident. Ibi tēcta magna nōn vident, sed tabernācula sunt in silvā. Aestāte puerī, amīcī Carolī, in tabernāculīs manent quod tēcta oppidōrum nōn sunt grāta. Haec tabernācula sunt parva sed puerōs tegunt. Carolus tabernācula videt et laudat.

Laetī sunt puer et puella, quod cum mātre ad oppidum ambulant. Diū in oppidō manent quod multa vidēre cupiunt. Viās et tēcta magna et multōs virōs et fēminās spectāre cupiunt. Cum in viā stant, Maria dōna multa et pulchra in fenestrīs magnīs videt. Maria saltat quod est laeta. Dōna habēre cupit, sed magnam pecūniam nōn habet.

Diū in oppidō māter et fīlius et fīlia manent. Cum vesper est, ad casam properant. In viā māter hoc dīcit: “Hodiē tū, Carole, puer bonus in oppidō erās. Hoc est praemium.” Carolus est laetus et saltat. Quid est praemium? Praemium est pecūnia.

Māter hoc quoque dīcit: “Hodiē tū quoque, Maria, puella bona erās. Tibi quoque praemium dō.” Quid est praemium puellae? Hoc praemium est pictūra magna et pulchra. Puella est laeta et saltat. Puer et puella “Tibi, māter, grātiās magnās agimus,” respondent.

Vocabulary

[i] Verbs: from now on, verbs will be listed with [i] the first person singular present tense and [ii] the infinitive ending; both of these are need to show to which conjugation a verb belongs. The verbs below are all from the text:

ambulō, ambulāre [1]: walk

labōrō, labōrāre [1]: work

laudō, laudāre [1]: praise

properō, properāre [1]: hurry

saltō, saltāre [1]: dance; jump

spectō, spectāre [1]: look at; watch

stō, stāre [1]: stand

dō, dare [1]: give

habeō, habēre [2]: have

maneō, manēre [2]: stay; remain

respondeō, respondēre [2]: reply

videō, vidēre [2]: see

agō, agere [3]: many meanings including ‘do’, ‘make’, ‘lead’, ‘perform’; here: grātias … agimus │  we give thanks / we thank

dīcō, dīcere [3]: say

tegō, tegere [3]: protect

cupiō, -ere [3-iō]: desire

Two points to note:

(1) The number in brackets is consistently used in all the posts to emphasise the conjugation to which a verb belongs but not all dictionaries / vocabulary lists will give the verbs in this way.

(2) Becoming (slowly) familiar with the conjugations is important because, as you move on in Latin, the conjugation of a verb affects other parts of it e.g. the past tenses.

[ii] Nouns

Image: 2^nd declension neuter nouns

[i] end in -um

dōnum: gift

oppidum: town

praemium: reward; prize

tabernāculum: tent

tēctum: [i] roof [ii] dwelling i.e. any kind of building in which somebody lives: house, abode; here it is being used in the second sense

[ii] examples

singular

Hoc est praemium │ this is a reward

Tibi … praemium dō │ I’m giving the reward to you

ad oppidum ambulant │ they are walking to(wards) the town

diū in oppidō manent │ they stay in the town for a long time

plural

tabernācula sunt in silvā │ tents are in the forest / there are tents …

Haec tabernācula sunt parva │ these tents are small

Ibi tēcta magna nōn vident │ they don’t see large dwellings (houses) there

Carolus tabernācula videt │ Carolus sees the tents

Maria dōna multa et pulchra videt │ Maria sees many beautiful gifts

tēcta ¦ oppidōrum nōn sunt grāta │ the houses ¦ of towns are not pleasing

in tabernāculīs manent │ they stay in tents

[iii]

(1) the nominative and accusative singular, and (2) the nominative and accusative plural of neuter nouns are always the same:

(1)

Nominative singular

Hoc est praemium

Accusative singular

Tibi praemium dō

(2)

Nominative plural

tabernācula sunt in silvā

Accusative plural

Carolus tabernācula videt

Apart from that, 2^nd declension neuter nouns decline in exactly the same way as 2^nd declension masculine nouns