Now that we've covered the 3rd declension, from now on I will post vocabulary in this format, which is the same as most dictionaries and grammar books would do it:
- puella (nominative), -ae (genitive) [1/f] i.e. first declension; feminine.
- hortus, -ī [2/m(asculine)]
- templum, -ī [2/n(euter)]
It's normal, when there is no stem change, simply to show the genitive case ending and not repeat the word i.e.
- puella, puellae > puella, -ae
- hortus, hortī > hortus, -ī
- templum, templī > templum -ī
When there is a stem change, however, I will show that stem change in full; not all dictionaries do that but, at this stage, it's useful to see it like that:
- ovis, -is [3/f] no stem change
- aestās, aestātis [3/f] stem change; written out in full
Noting vocabulary in this kind of "shorthand" way is standard practice: it gives you all the information you need about the noun's gender, the declension to which it belongs and what, if any stem change there is.
You can see in the image how I’ve noted the vocabulary:
- vēr, -is [3/n]: third declension noun; neuter; no stem change
- aestās, aestātis [3/f]: third declension noun; feminine; stem change
- autumnus, -ī [2/m]: autumn; no second declension nouns undergo stem change (nor do 1st declension nouns)
- hiems, hiemis [3/f]: not a marked stem change but the /s/ is replaced by -is i.e. you’re not simply adding -is to hiems, then I will also indicate that
PS: there are two other declensions to look at but – honestly – compared to the Everest of the 3rd declension, the other two are a walk in the park!
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