14.01.25: level 1; topic; school [22]; science [4]; early medicine [1]; Celsus [1]

Images #1 and #2: Dē Mēdicinā by Celsus (1^st century AD), the earliest surviving medical work in Latin)

RULES FOR THOSE THAT HAVE A WEAKNESS IN THE HEAD

Complete Celsus’ writing here by using the words listed at the end:

Have a think about English derivatives

ardour; capillary; cuticle; friction; infirm; veil

Cui caput [1] __________ est, is …  │ He who has a weak head

lēniter [2] __________ id māne [3] __________ suīs dēbet; │ must rub it gently in the morning with his hands

[4] __________ id, sī fierī potest, veste [5] __________; │ never, if possible, cover it with a garment

ad [6] __________ tondērī. │ or have it clipped close to the skin.

Ūtileque lūnam [7] __________, │ And it is useful to avoid the moon,

[8] __________que ante ipsum [9] __________ [10] __________que concursum; │ and especially before the actual conjunction of the moon and the sun;

sed [11] __________ post [12] __________ ... │ but nowhere after food …

Sī cui [13] __________ sunt, cotīdiē [14] __________, │ If he has hair, to comb (it) every day,

[15] __________ [16] __________, │ walk a lot,

sed, sī licet, neque sub [17] __________ neque in [18] __________; │ but, if he can, neither under a roof nor in the sun;

[19] __________ autem vītāre sōlis [20] __________, │ but everywhere to avoid the burning heat of the sun,

maximēque post cibum et [21] __________; │ and especially after food and wine;

ambulāre; ārdōrem; capillī; cibum; cutem; īnfirmum; lūnae; manibus; maximē; multum; numquam; nusquam; pectere; perfricāre; sōle; sōlis; tēctō; ubīque; vēlāre; vīnum; vītāre

Image #3: the extraction of the Stone of Madness by Hieronymus Bosch (c.1450 – 1516)

The image depicts trepanning or trepanation from Old French and ultimately from Mediaeval Latin: trepanum, -ī [2/n], a surgical borer or drill (Anc. Gk. τρύπανον; trúpanon), the process involving the surgical boring of a hole into the skull; I don't know why she has a book on her head or why the figure on the left looks like the Tin Man from The Wizard of Oz - but that's Hieronymous Bosch for you. If you know his work, you'll know that it's pretty mild compared to some of his other paintings.

Image #4: trepanation tools from the 18^th century; terebra, -ae [1/f]: an instrument for boring; also: terebra serrata, a similar serrated device

There is photographic evidence of skulls from the Roman period that underwent this type of surgery … but you don’t really want to see that!

Image #5: ancient Roman surgical tools from a house in Pompeii

____________________

Cui caput īnfirmum est, is …  lēniter perfricāre id māne manibus suīs dēbet; numquam id, sī fierī potest, veste vēlāre; ad cutem tondērī. Ūtileque lūnam vītāre, maximēque ante ipsum lūnae sōlisque concursum; sed nusquam post cibum ... Sī cui capillī sunt, cotīdiē pectere, multum ambulāre, sed, sī licet, neque sub tēctō neque in sōle; ubīque autem vītāre sōlis ārdōrem, maximēque post cibum et vīnum;