Friday, April 26, 2024

04.04.24: talking about football in Latin [2]

Notes on the video: pedifolle ludimus

That we can watch a video of three lads playing football with a description in Latin is a remarkable testimony to the “staying power” of this language. Some debate goes on (elsewhere) as to whether or not Latin is a “dead” language with the usual tedious analysis of the term “dead”. The boys couldn’t have made that video in Hieroglyphics or Etruscan, but they could in Latin because Latin, for centuries after the Romans, continued to grow, evolve and be used throughout the loosely described “Late Latin” period, the Dark Ages, the Middle Ages and into the 17th and 18th centuries as a common language for academics to publish their works throughout Europe. It was the language of the monasteries and the Church, Comenius wrote an entire school book in the 17th century describing every conceivable concept that the kids at that time would need, and he had no hesitation in incorporating Latin words that existed by his time even if they hadn’t existed or had different meanings in the Classical period. 17th century kids could talk about their world in the same way as the boys here talk about theirs. And in the 21st century Latin words have been adapted to suit contemporary needs.

While the focus of the group is Classical Latin, it’s interesting to mark time for a moment and reflect: the Romans never played in the Premier League but the language of Plautus 200 years BCE can still be used to describe what’s going on in a football match.

That doesn’t sound dead to me.

The New Latin expressions have come from Traupman’s Conversational Latin for Oral Proficiency, extracts from which have been used in earlier posts. If you are looking for New Latin, a good source is also: https://neolatinlexicon.org/

septimāna, -ae [1/f]: (Late Latin) week

  • also: hebdomada, -ae [1/f]; hebdomas, hebdomadis [3/f]

praeteritus, -a, -um: past; in the past

pluit: it’s raining

  • pluēbat [imperfect tense]: it was raining

splendeō, splendēre [2]: shine

follis, -is [3/m]: ball

  • pedifollis, -is [3/m]: (New Latin) football

When you play at a game, the ablative is used:

  • Pedifolle lūdō: I play football

eāmus: this is a subjunctive form of the verb eō, īre: go. Here it means “let’s go”; don’t get involved with subjunctives if you’re a starter in Latin.

campus, -ī [2/m]: plain; natural field (as opposed to ageragrī, which refers to a cultivated field)

lūsōrius, -a, -um: (Late Latin) adjective “playing”

  • campus lūsōrius: playing field
  • Also: campus pedilūdārius (New Latin): football field

Ecce campus in quō solēmus lūdere.

  • soleō, solēre [2]: be accustomed to (doing something), but can have neater translations

This is the field on which we are accustomed to playing = … on which / where we usually play

tantum: only

non erit: there will not be; this is the future tense of sumesse, which is the next topic to be discussed

praemium, -ī [2/n]: reward

arbiter, arbitrī [3/m]: (Classical) arbitrator; judge but can have a transferred meaning to umpire or referee

sānē: really; truly

contentiō, contentiōnis [3/f]: competition

familiāris, -is [3/m]: friend; acquaintance

  • contentiō familiāris: a friendly match

calceāmentum, -ī [2/m]: shoe

Ecce calceāmenta quae nūper ēmī. Here are the shoes (boots) that I recently bought.

  • nūper: recently
  • ēmī: this is the perfect tense of emō, emere [3]: buy

oppugnātor, oppugnātōris [3/m]: attacker

ālārius: in ālāriō dextrō; on the right wing

positiō, positiōnis [3/f]: position

eōdem tempore

[i] īdem [masc], eadem [fem], idem [neuter]: the same

[ii] eōdem tempore; ablative of time when: at the same time

dēfēnsor, dēfēnsōris [3/m]: defender

portārius, -ī [2/m]: (Classical) gatekeeper; (New) goalkeeper

pertineō, pertinēre [2] + ad + accusative: relate to

pedifollium, -ī [2/n]: (New Latin) football

Two examples of 3rd declension nouns in one sentence:

[i] follis, -is [3/m]: ball

[ii] pēs, pedis [3/m]: foot

  • Follem [accusative] pede [ablative] pulsō.
  • I strike the ball ¦ by means of [= with] the foot i.e. I kick the ball

Similarly:

caput, capitis [3/n]

Follem capite pulsō: I strike the ball ¦ by means of the head i.e. I head the ball

(h)umerus, -ī [2/m]: shoulder

porta, -ae [1/f]: gate; (here) goal

pūnctum ferō, ferre [irr.]: score a point

trānspulsō, trānspulsāre [1] ¦ follem ad + accusative: pass the ball to (somebody)

fessus, -a, -um: tired

Tempus est: it’s time [to do something + infinitive]

  • Tempus est domum redīre: It’s time to go back home

   


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