19.07.25: Level 3; Sonnenschein; Prō Patriā [5]; Boadicēa [3]; review: ille, illa, illud

Britannī ad arma volant. Colōniam Camulodūnum expugnant; templum illud Claudiī, ubi veterānī sē occultāverant, cremant. Intereā Suētōnius ex īnsulā Monā cum decem mīlibus virōrum ad Tamesam properāvit. Nam Londīnium, quamquam nōndum colōnia Rōmāna erat, tamen iam tum cōpiā mercātōrum et nāvigiōrum celebre erat. Sīc Tacitus in capite tertiō et trīcēsimō librī quārtī decimī Annālium affirmat. Sed urbem ex clāde servāre nōn poterat. Britannī Londīnium et Verulamium oppugnant, septuāgintā mīlia Rōmānōrum trucīdant, ingentem praedam captant. Suētōnius suōs prope silvam collocāverat, et sē ad proelium parābat. Britannī Rōmānōs numerō virōrum multum superābant, et exspectātiōne victōriae triumphārunt. Sed paucī illī Rōmānī magnam victōriam reportāvērunt; Britannī contrā legiōnēs Rōmānās stāre nōn poterant, quia Rōmānī eōs pondere armōrum et scientiā bellī multum superābant. In illō proeliō Rōmānī octōgintā mīlia virōrum et fēminārum trucīdāvērunt; nam Britannī fēminās suās in vehiculīs apportāvērunt, proeliī spectandī causā. Boadicēa ipsa sē mortī dedit.

[i] Give the nominative singular of:

1. virōrum
2. capite
3. urbem
4. clāde
5. exspectātiōne
6. pondere
7. mortī

[ii] Give the nominative masculine singular of:

1. celebre
2. ingentem

[iii] Translate the following excerpts, paying particular attention to the words in bold:

1. templum illud Claudiī
2. paucī illī Rōmānī magnam victōriam reportāvērunt
3. In illō proeliō
4. Nam Londīnium, quamquam nōndum colōnia Rōmāna erat, tamen iam tum cōpiā mercātōrum et nāvigiōrum celebre erat.
5. Britannī fēminās suās in vehiculīs apportāvērunt, proeliī spectandī causā.
6. Boadicēa ipsa sē mortī dedit.

[iv] Grammar review: ille, illa, illud

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2024/04/270324-ille-illa-illud.html

ille, illa, illud can be either [i] an adjective (that / pl. those) or [ii] a pronoun (that one; he, she it, they etc.)

[i] as an adjective, specifically a demonstrative adjective

rēgīna illa audāx │that bold queen

Vōs colōniam illam crūdēlem expugnāte! │ You take that cruel colony by assault!

Britannī colōniam illam Camulodūnum … nōn amābant. │ The Britons … did not like that colony (of) Camulodunum

templum illud Claudiī │ that temple of Claudius

simulācrum illud Victōriae │that statue to Victory

in illō proeliō │in that battle

paucī illī Rōmānī │ those few Romans

veterānī illī Rōmānī │ those Roman veterans (veteran / old soldiers)

inter illa aedificia │ among those buildings

Note: ille etc. usually comes before the noun:

inter illa aedificia │ among those buildings

in illō proeliō │in that battle

However, when an adjective or another noun is added to the phrase, it comes between the noun and the other word:

rēgīna ¦ illa ¦ audāx │that bold queen

paucī ¦ illī ¦ Rōmānī │ those few Romans

Britannī colōniam ¦ illam ¦ Camulodūnum … nōn amābant. │ The Britons … did not like that colony (of) Camulodunum

[ii] as a pronoun

Ille in Monam īnsulam penetrāvit │ he entered the island of Anglesey

dum ille in Cambriā abest │ while he is away in Wales

Illud est cōnsilium fēminae. │ That is the lady’s plan.

Illōs nūlla patria ad virtūtem incitat │ no country inspires them / those men to virtue

illīs clādem mortemque parant  │ they prepare destruction and death for them / for those men

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verulamium

the Roman theatre of Verulamium