What is the NLE looking for in its examination papers? The bullet points indicate the features of the language that they expect you at least to recognise at this level. Apart from question [3] all the points have been covered in the group. You can skim read through the bullet points which act as a kind of “check list” as to what areas you are confident in, and which need to be reviewed or studied; that was the approach I took when I started to learn the language and it helped me a lot. NLE thinks all of these are the foundation stones of the language and so I made sure that I knew all of this before I moved on.
[i] cases and
prepositions; case usage
[Q2] Cicerō dē philosophiā
scrīpsit. │ Cicero wrote (D) about philosophy
- dē + ablative: about; concerning
[Q4] Surge, (B) Rūfe!
Nōlī sedēre! │ Get up, Rufus! Don’t sit!
- vocative case, addressing Rufus directly: -us > -e
[Q5] Mater prīncipis [genitive]
erat bona. │ (C) The emperor’s mother [ = the mother ¦ of the
emperor] was good.
- 3rd declension nouns (prīnceps, prīncipis)
[Q7] Calpurnia et Portia
erunt (C) amīcae. │ Calpurnia and Portia will be friends.
- nominative case after the verb esse
[Q8] Vīdī templa deōrum
in Forō Rōmānō. (I saw) (A) the temples of the
gods in the Roman Forum.
- 2nd declension neuter nouns
[Q11] Vīta sine librīs
est vacua. │ A life (B) without books is empty
- sine + ablative
[Q14] Dux [nominative] mīlitibus [dative]
tubā [ablative] signum [accusative] dedit. │ (A) The
leader [subject] gave (to) the soldiers [dative] a signal [accusative: direct
object] [ = a signal to the soldiers] with a
trumpet [ablative of means / instrument].
- 3rd declension nouns (mīles, mīlitis)
- 1st declension nouns (tuba, -ae)
- case usage: ablative; tubā │ with i.e. by means of a trumpet
- case usage: dative; militibus; indirect object │ he gave a signal to the soldiers
[Q17] Lupus ad (C) rīvum fūrtim
et tacitē ambulāvit. │ The wolf walked secretly and silently to the
stream.
- ad + accusative: to(wards)
[ii] Tenses:
[Q1] Canēs in hortō
meō currunt! │ The dogs (C) are running in my
garden!
- present tense
- 3rd conjugation verbs: currō, -ere [3]
[Q6] Rēx cīvēs monuit quod
hostēs urbem oppugnābant. │ The king (A) warned the citizens
because the enemy was approaching the city.
- perfect tense
- 2nd conjugation verbs: moneō, -ēre [2]
[Q9] "Semper tē amābō!"
clāmāvit Pȳramus. │ I (B) will always love you!”
shouted Pyramus.
- future tense
- 1st conjugation verbs: amō, amāre [1]
[Q12] "Cupiō canem
tuum capere," dīxit Herculēs. │ I desire to capture your
dog,” said Hercules.
- infinitive
- 3rd-iō conjugation: capiō, -ere [3-iō]
[Q13] Arborēs altae in
silvīs erant. │ Tall trees (D) were in the forest.
- imperfect tense
- esse
[iii] Question words
(interrogatives)
[Q10] Cūr multōs
librōs legitis? │ (B) Why do you read many books?
[Q15] Quot pedēs
habet equus? │How many feet does a horse have? > (C)
quattuor
[iv] Adverbs
[Q3] Senātor ¦ cum īrā ¦
clāmābat. Quōmodo clāmābat? │ The senator was shouting ¦ with
anger.
- How was he shouting? > (A) īrātē: angrily; 1st / 2nd declension adjectives form the adverb by removing the stem of the adjective and adding -ē: īrāt¦us (angry) > īrātē (angrily).
- Note Question 17: Lupus ad rīvum fūrtim et tacitē ambulāvit. │ The wolf walked secretly and silently to the stream.
[Q16] Vir malus filiōs numquam laudāvit.
│ The bad / evil man (C) never praised (his) sons.
__________
Question 27: There must be a reason
why they place this question later. I suppose it’s because they put several
concepts together in the one sentence:
"Ubi estis? Nōn possum vōs invenīre! Redīte ad mē!" │ Where are you? I cannot find you! Come back to me! (C) hide-and-seek
- interrogative: ubi? where?
- esse: present tense
- irregular verb: possum, posse (be able)
- infinitive of 4th conjugation: invenīre (to find)
- compound of eō, īre (go) > redeō, redīre (return)
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