07.11.25: Level 2; Vincent (Latin Reader); XXXV; the Second Invasion

Tandem, quod tempestās erat idōnea, peditēs Rōmānī et equitēs in nāvēs cōnscendērunt. Labiēnus, lēgātus Caesaris, in Galliā cum tribus legiōnibus et equitibus manēbat. Inde Caesar cum quīnque legiōnibus ad occāsum sōlis nāvēs solvit. Sed mediā nocte, quia nōn erat ventus, cursum nōn tenēre potuit nec īnsulam cēpit. Prīmā lūce Rōmānī rēmīs contendērunt et ad Britanniam vēnērunt tempore merīdiānō. Sed Rōmānī hostēs in nūllā parte cōnspexērunt. Britannī, quod multitūdinem mīlitum et nāvium timēbant, in silvīs sē occultābant.

contendō, -ere, contendī [3]: hurry; advance (not ‘march’ in this context)

rēmus, -ī [2/m]: oar

[A] Comprehension

All of the following statements are untrue; correct them.

[i] The Romans boarded the ships despite the bad weather.

[ii] Only the infantry boarded the ships.

[iii] Labienus moved his troops into Gaul.

[iv] Labienus had thirty cavalrymen.

[v] Caesar set sail at sunrise.

[vi] By midday there was no wind.

[vii] They kept on course and reached the island.

[viii] The Romans sailed to Britannia mid-morning.

[ix] The Romans reached Britannia at midnight.

[x] The enemy were everywhere.

[xi] The Britons had a large number of ships.

[xii] The Britons lived in forests.

[B] Grammar review

[1] [a] What case is mediā nocte, prīmā lūce, tempore merīdiānō and [b] why is that case being used? (2)

[2] [a] What case is “Rōmānī rēmīs contendērunt” and [b] why is that case being used? (2)

[3] [a] What case and number are (multitūdinem) mīlitum et nāvium, and [b] why is that case being used? (2)

[4] in silvīs sē occultābant

[a] What type of pronoun is sē, and [b] why is it being used here? (2)

[5] Give the nominative singular and declension of:

[a] tempore [b] occāsum [c] nocte [d] cursum (8)

[6] Give the first person singular present tense of:

[a] cēpit [b] cōnspexērunt [c] potuit [d] vēnērunt (4)

[A] Comprehension

[i] The Romans boarded the ships because the weather was suitable │ quod tempestās erat idōnea … in nāvēs cōnscendērunt

[ii] The infantry and cavalry boarded the ships │ peditēs Rōmānī et equitēs in nāvēs cōnscendērunt

[iii] Labienus remained with his troops in Gaul │ Labiēnus … in Galliā … manēbat

[iv] Labienus had three legions and cavalrymen │ … cum tribus legiōnibus …

[v] Caesar set sail at sunset. │ Caesar … ad occāsum sōlis nāvēs solvit

[vi] At midnight there was no wind │ mediā nocte, quia nōn erat ventus …

[vii] They did not / could not keep on course, nor did they reach the island │ cursum nōn tenēre potuit nec īnsulam cēpit

[viii] The Romans sailed to Britannia at dawn / first light │ Prīmā lūce Rōmānī rēmīs contendērunt

[ix] The Romans reached Britannia at midday │ ad Britanniam vēnērunt tempore merīdiānō

[x] The enemy were nowhere to be seen │ Rōmānī hostēs in nūllā parte cōnspexērunt.

[xi] The Britons feared the large number of ships │ Britannī, quod multitūdinem … nāvium timēbant …

[xii] The Britons hid in forests │ Britannī … in silvīs sē occultābant

[B] Grammar review

[1] [a] ablative [b] ablative of time when

[2] [a] ablative [b] ablative of means i.e. they advanced using / by means of oars (rēmīs)

[3] [a] genitive plural [b] partitive genitive i.e. a multitude / large number of soldiers and (of) ships

[4] [a] reflexive [b] hiding themselves

[5] [a] tempus (3^rd) [b] occāsus (4^th) [c] nox (3^rd) [d] cursus (4^th)

[6] [a] capiō [b] cōnspiciō [c] possum [d] veniō