16.07.25: Level 3; Sonnenschein; Prō Patriā [4]; Caractacus [1]

Post mortem Cunobelīnī, Claudius, quārtus prīnceps Rōmānōrum, expedītiōnem contrā Britannōs parāvit. Cōnsilium eius erat tōtam Britanniam dēbellāre et cum imperiō Rōmānō cōnsociāre. Itaque annō tertiō et quadrāgēsimō ūnī ex ducibus suīs, Aulō Plautiō, magnum numerum cōpiārum pedestrium et equestrium mandāvit. Eae merīdiānam partem īnsulae nostrae facile occupāvērunt. Oppidum Camulodūnum expugnāvērunt, ubi Rōmānī post paucōs annōs colōniam veterānōrum collocāvērunt. Ea prīma urbs Rōmāna in Britanniā fuit. Propter victōriam ā Britannīs reportātam prīnceps Rōmānus fīliō suō nōmen Britannicō dedit. Fīlius eius priōre annō nātus erat. Sed Britannī nōndum dēbellātī erant. In silvās montēsque Cambriae sē occultāverant, ubi duae gentēs bellicōsae, Ordovicēs et Silurēs, per septem annōs contrā Rōmānōs fortiter rebellāvērunt. Cōpiīs Britannicīs Caractacus, fīlius Cunobelīnī, praeerat. Nōmen eius per tōtam Britanniam celebre erat. Nōn facile erat eās gentēs Cambriae dēbellāre. Reliquiae castrōrum Rōmānōrum Viroconiī, Devae, Iscae hodiē exstant. Sed legiōnēs Rōmānae tandem victrīcēs fuērunt, et Silurēs Ordovicēsque magnō proeliō superāvērunt. Deinde ducem eōrum audācem et īnsignem Rōmam captīvum dēportāvērunt.

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/victrix#Noun_2

victrīx, victrīcis [3/f]: conqueror (female); masculine: victor, victōris [3/m]

as an adjective victrīx, victrīcis has the meaning of ‘conquering’ or ‘victorious’ but it was not used with masculine nouns (the equivalent masculine adjective is victor, victōris i.e. like the masculine noun above)

legiōnēs [f.pl.] Rōmānae tandem victrīcēs [f.pl] fuērunt │ the Roman legions were finally victorious

Names of tribes in Britannia:

Ordovīcēs [3 m/pl]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovices

Silurēs [3 m/pl]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silures

Place-names:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camulodunum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deva_Victrix

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viroconium_Cornoviorum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isca_Augusta

[i] Translate these sentences and phrases paying particular attention to the words in bold. Explain the difference in usage in sentences 4 – 7.

1. Ea prīma urbs Rōmāna in Britanniā fuit.
2. Eae merīdiānam partem īnsulae nostrae facile occupāvērunt.
3. Nōn facile erat eās gentēs Cambriae dēbellāre.
4. Prīnceps Rōmānus fīliō suō nōmen Britannicō dedit.
5. Fīlius eius priōre annō nātus erat.
6. ūnī ex ducibus suīs
7. Deinde ducem eōrum audācem et īnsignem Rōmam captīvum dēportāvērunt.
8. In silvās montēsque Cambriae sē occultāverant.

[ii] Give the nominative singular of the following nouns from the text:

1. mortem
2. expedītiōnem
3. ducibus
4. partem
5. montēs
6. gentēs
7. legiōnēs

[iii] Identify the case of the words in bold and explain why that case is being used:

1. Cōpiīs Britannicīs Caractacus, fīlius Cunobelīnī, praeerat.
2. Deinde ducem eōrum audācem et īnsignem Rōmam captīvum dēportāvērunt.
3. magnum numerum cōpiārum pedestrium
4. priōre annō
5. Reliquiae castrōrum Rōmānōrum Viroconiī, Devae, Iscae hodiē exstant.
6. Silurēs Ordovicēsque magnō proeliō superāvērunt
7. ūnī ex ducibus suīs, Aulō Plautiō … mandāvit

[iv] Translate the following sentences and phrases, focussing in particular on the words in bold:

1. Propter victōriam ā Britannīs reportātam
2. Britannī nōndum dēbellātī erant.
3. Fīlius eius priōre annō nātus erat.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caratacus