27.10.25: Level 2; Reading (review): [26] Against the arch-enemy [1]

Cato continues his speech:

“Postquam cōpiae nostrae secundō bellō Pūnicō ad Cannās superātae sunt, populus Rōmānus nōn dēspērāvit. Paucīs annīs nōn sōlum novae cōpiae ā nōbīs parātae, sed etiam Poenī ex Ītaliā fugātī et in Āfricā superātī sunt. Carthāgō nōndum dēlēta est, sed dēlēbitur sine dubiō brevīque interībit. Quis enim ignōrat sociōs nostrōs ā Poenīs lacessī, quem fallit eōs ā nōbīs auxilium petere? Appāret dīvitiās Poenōrum rūrsus crēscere, quamquam ā nōbīs tantae pecūniae requīsītae sunt. Et Hannibal nōn sōlum Carthāgine, sed tōta Āfrica multum valet. Suō locō dē eō dīcam; numquam quiētus erō, dum vīvet! Cēterum cēnseō Carthāginem esse dēlendam!”

Notes:

[1] quem fallit ¦ eōs ā nōbīs auxilium petere?

fallō, -ere, fefellī, falsus [3]: deceive; dupe

fallit: it escapes (one’s notice)

Whom does it deceive = whose notice does it escape │ that they seek help from us?

[2] Quis enim ignōrat ¦ sociōs nostrōs … lacessī [present passive infinitive]…? │ For who is unaware / does not know ¦ our allies to be provoked = … that our allies are being provoked?

[3] Cēterum cēnseō ¦ Carthāginem esse dēlendam

Moreover, I argue that Carthage has to be destroyed

This is an example of the gerundive which was discussed in detail at level 3; links below:

02.06.25: Level 3; the gerundive [1]

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/03/020625-level-3-gerundive-1.html

02.06.25: Level 3; the gerundive [2]; practice (1)

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/03/020625-level-3-gerundive-2-practice-1.html

05.06.25: Level 3; the gerundive [3]; practice (2)

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/03/050625-level-3-gerundive-3-practice-2.html

05.06.25: Level 3; the gerundive [4]; practice (3)

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/03/050625-level-3-gerundive-4-practice-3.html

08.06.25: Level 3; the gerundive [5]; purpose

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/03/080625-level-3-gerundive-5-purpose.html

08.06.25: Level 3; the gerundive [6]; practice (4)

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/03/080625-level-3-gerundive-6-practice-4.html

08.06.25: Level 3; the gerundive [7]; practice (5)

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/03/080625-level-3-gerundive-7-practice-5.html

[4]

Carthāgō nōndum dēlēta est │ Carthage has not yet been destroyed

novae cōpiae ¦ ā nōbīs ¦ parātae │ new / fresh troops [that have been] prepared ¦ by us

Poenī ex Ītaliā fugātī │ the Carthaginians [who have been] chased out of Italy

ā nōbīs tantae pecūniae requīsītae sunt │ such large amounts of money have been demanded by us

Poenī … superātī sunt │ the Carthaginians were / have been conquered

cōpiae nostrae … superātae sunt │ our troops were / have been conquered

numquam quiētus erō │ I shall never be quiet / at rest / keep quiet*

*Literally: quiēscō, quiēscere, quiēvī, quiētus [3]: rest; keep quiet. Therefore, the literal  meaning is “I shall never have been kept quiet” but it is often possible simply to translate certain passive participles as adjectives i.e. “quiet”

Carthāgō … dēlēbitur │ Carthage will be destroyed