Tuesday, October 14, 2025

28.12.25: Comenius (1658) LV: cookery (3) Part 3: [6] – [8] text, notes and vocabulary

[6] He seasoneth things that are boyled with Spices, which he poundeth with a Pestil, 14. in a Morter, 13. or grateth with a Grater, 15. │ Condit ēlixāta, Arōmatibus, quæ comminuit Pistillō, 14. in Mortāriō, 13. aut terit Rādulā, 15.

comminuō, -ere [3]: crush; pulverise

condiō, -īre [4]: season; spice

terō, -ere [3]: rub; wear out; grind

ēlixātus, -a, -um: (perfect passive participle) having been boiled > condit ēlixāta │ he seasons things that have been boiled; also: ēlixus, -a, -um (boiled)

arōma, arōmatis [3/n]: spice; herb

mortārium, -ī [2/n]: mortar

pistillum, -ī [2/n]: pestle

https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/image?img=Perseus:image:1999.04.0063.fig20181

rādula, -ae [1/f] (rare) in CL it refers to a tool used for scraping, for example, food, skins or surfaces

< radō, radere, rasī, rāsus [2]: scrape; shave

rāsus, -a, -um: shaved or grated (Apicius refers to the preparation of ‘cumerēs rāsōs’ – grated cucumbers)

Note: strigilis, -is [3/f]: strigil,  a scraper (made of horn or metal) used by bathers for removing the impurities of the skin

[7] He roasteth some on Spits, 16. and with a Jack, 17. or upon a Grid-iron, 18.│ Quædam assat Verubus, 16. & Automātō, 17. vel super Crāticulum, 18.

assō, -āre [1]: roast; broil

automatum, -ī (or automaton) [2/n]: (CL) refers to any “contraption” or “device” without being specific; Comenius uses it to refer to a “roasting jack” [see image]

craticulum, -ī [2/n]: the ‘grid iron’ refers to an iron rack or grate used for cooking meat over coals; also: crāticula, -ae [1/f]

veru, -ūs [4/n]: spit (for roasting)

The Neo-Latin lexicon has various, and rather literal terms for “barbeque” but we can extract some useful vocabulary from them:

the object itself: crātis ad carnem torrendam apta │ "A grid-like structure (i.e. a grate) suitable for roasting meat"

carō in vēribus tosta: barbecued meat

torreō, -ēre, -uī, tostus [2]: roast; bake

carō, carnis [3/f]:meat

carō tosta: roasted meat

carō ¦ in veribus ¦ tosta: barbecued meat; meat roasted ¦ literally: on spits

https://neolatinlexicon.org/latin/barbecue/

[8] Or fryeth them in a Frying-pan, 19. upon a Brand-iron, 20. │ Vel frīgit Sartāgine, 19. super Tripodem, 20.

And the next time you’re in McDonald’s …

“Do you want fries with that?”

frīgō, -ere, frīxī, frīctus [3]: fry; roast

Neo-Latin: terrestria pōma frīcta [Fr. pommes (de terre) frites]

ōva frīcta: fried eggs, and (from [2] above) ōva cocta: boiled eggs

sartāgō, sartāginis [3/f]: frying pan; also: fretāle, -is [3/n]; frixōrium, -ī [2/n] (Late Latin)

et ossa mea sīcut in frixōriō cōnfrixā sunt (Psalms) │ and my bones are roasted, as if in a skillet

tripūs, tripodis [3/n] or tripēs, tripedis [3/m]: three-footed seat; tripod (i.e. a structure on three legs); the original image from the text (20) clearly shows what Comenius has in mind i.e. a trivet; the English noun ‘trivet’ < Old English: trefet, itself a borrowing from Latin tripēs 







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