[1] object of
comparison
Urbs antīqua etiam
(1) pulchrior erat (2) quam haec.
│ The ancient city was even (1) more
beautiful (2) than this one.
When, for example,
you say that the temple is older than the museum, the noun (or pronoun)
after than is known as the object of comparison. In Latin, the object of
comparison can be formed in two ways:
The man is stronger
¦ than the boy.
[i] Vir
[nominative] fortior est ¦ quam puer [nominative].
[ii] Vir
[nominative] fortior est ¦ puerō [ablative].
They are not
always interchangeable, but – at this stage – it is enough to recognise both
possibilities.
Links
Object of
comparison with:
[i] quam
[ii] the ablative
case
[2] relative
superlative
“Mirror, mirror on
the wall, who is the fairest of them all?”
[1] The
superlative can stand alone:
Fortissimus est. │
He is the bravest.
[2] The relative
superlative refers to when the superlative is used in relation to
something else e.g. the bravest of (all) the soldiers. Latin
expresses this idea in two ways:
[i] With the
genitive, and usually genitive plural since the superlative tends to be
highlighting the best, worst etc. of a group, more than one person or thing:
eloquentissimus ¦
Rōmānōrum │ the most eloquent ¦ of the Romans
doctissimus ¦
magistrōrum │ the most educated ¦ of the teachers
pulcherrima omnium fēminārum │
the most beautiful ¦ of all the women
altissima ¦ arborum │
the tallest ¦ of the trees
[ii] With ē / ex +
ablative plural
altissima ex arboribus │
the tallest of the trees
doctissimus ē magistrīs │
the most educated of the teachers
That is similar to
English “He’s the best pupil out of that whole class.
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2024/10/051224-level-2-degrees-of-comparison-17.htm
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