01.03.26: Level 3; indirect statement; the accusative-infinitive [30] Review; the Road to Latin; Unit 44 (6); quick practice

Match the English with the Latin in the wordcloud

[1]

[a]

to carry

to have carried

to be about to carry

to be carried

to have been carried

to be about to be carried

[b]

to see

to have seen

to be about to see

to be seen

to have been seen

to be about to be seen

portātūrum īrī; portāre; portārī; portātūrus esse; portāvisse; portātus esse

vīsūrus esse; vīsus esse; vidēre; vīsum īrī; vidērī; vīdisse

[2]

[a]

to send

to have sent

to be about to send

to be sent

to have been sent

to be about to be sent

[b]

to take

to have taken

to be about to take

to be taken

to have been taken

to be about to be taken

[c]

to hear

to have heard

to be about to hear

to be heard

to have been heard

to be about to be heard

mittī; mittere; missus esse; missūrus esse; missūrum īrī; mīsisse

captus esse; capī; capere; captum īrī; cēpisse; captūrus esse

audītūrus esse; audīre; audītum īrī; audīvisse; audīri; audītus esse

01.03.26; Level 3; indirect statement; the accusative-infinitive [29] Review; the Road to Latin; Unit 44 (5); quick practice

Match the Latin and the English. Remember that, in the Latin sentences - which are in pairs - the infinitive doesn’t change (see [i] and [ii] below) but the translation will be dependent upon the tense of the verb that introduces them, for example:

Dīcit sē librum legere. │ He says that he is reading the book.

Dīxit sē librum legere. │ He said that he was reading the book.

[1]

[i] Dīcit hostēs urbem capere.

[ii] Dīxit hostēs urbem capere.

[iii] Dīcit hostēs urbem cēpisse.

[iv] Dīxit hostēs urbem cēpisse.

[v] Dīcit hostēs urbem capturōs esse.

[vi] Dīxit hostēs urbem capturōs esse.

He says that the enemy will / are going to capture the city.

He said that the enemy had captured the city.

He said that the enemy were capturing the city.

He says that the enemy are capturing the city.

He said that the enemy would / were going to capture the city.

He says that the enemy have captured the city.

[2]

[i] Dīcit urbem ab hostibus capī.

[ii] Dīxit urbem ab hostibus capī.

[iii] Dīcit urbem iam captam esse.

[iv] Dīxit urbem iam captam esse / fuisse.

[v] Dīcit urbem mox captum īrī.

[vi] Dīxit urbem mox captum īrī.

He says that the city will soon be / is soon going to be captured.

He says that the city has already been captured.

He said that the city would soon be / is soon going to be captured.

He says that the city is being captured by the enemy.

He said that the city had already been captured.

He said that the city was being captured by the enemy.

01.03.26: Level 2 / 3; Comenius; Celestial Sphere; Vocabulary List (6)

Nouns and adjectives referring to the four seasons:

[i] Spring

vēr, -is [3/n]

vernus, -a, -um

vernālis, -e

[ii] Summer

aestās, aestātis [3/f]

aestivālis, -e

aestīvus, -a, -um

[iii] Autumn

autumnus, -ī [2/m]

autumnus, -a, -um

autumnālis, -e

[iv] Winter

hiems, -is [3/f]

hībernus, -a, -um

hiemālis, -e

brūmālis, -e

01.03.26: Level 2 / 3; Comenius; Celestial Sphere; Vocabulary List (5)

aequātor,-ōris [3/m]: equator

lātitūdō, -inis [3/f]: [i] width; [ii] latitude

longitūdō, -inis [3/f]: [i] length; longitude

hēmisphaerium, -ī [2/n]: hemisphere

polus, -ī [2/m]: pole

polāris, -e: (pertaining to) the poles

antarcticus, -a, -um: southern; antarctic

arcticus, -a, -um: northern; arctic

tropicus, -ī [2/m] Cancrī / Capricornī: tropic of Cancer / Capricorn

28.02.26: Level 2; Vincent (Latin Reader); XLIV / XLV; [1] the Crossing of the Thames; [2] Guerrilla Warfare (ii) grammar review

[1] the Crossing of the Thames

Interim Caesar exercitum ad fluvium Tamesim in agrōs Cassivelaunī dūxit. Hic fluvius ūnō locō sōlō pedibus trānsīrī potest. Ubi Caesar ad hunc fluvium vēnit, Britannī cōpiās magnās in alterā rīpā habēbant. In rīpā et in fluviō sudēs erant acūtae. Caesar, ubi hās rēs ā captīvīs et perfugīs cognōvit, equitēs et legiōnēs statim praemīsit. Hostēs impetum nostrōrum sustinēre nōn poterant, atque fugae sē mandāvērunt.

[2] Guerrilla Warfare

Cassivelaunus, quī spem contentiōnis āmīserat, cum equitibus sōlīs itinera Rōmānōrum servābat. Ex viā excēdēbat atque in silvīs et locīs impedītīs sē occultābat. Subitō impetum contrā Rōmānōs quī vastābant agrōs faciēbat. Itaque Rōmānī nōn procul ā legiōnibus discēdere audēbant, sed agrōs hostium vastābant et aedificia incendēbant.

The questions refer to either of the two texts

[i] Give the nominative singular of the following nouns:

aedificia

agrōs

perfugīs

spem

[ii] Find from the texts two examples of fourth declension nouns

[iii] Give the first person singular present tense of the following verbs:

āmīserat

audēbant

cognōvit

dūxit

incendēbant

potest

sustinēre

[iv] Give the English meanings of the following adverbs:

interim

itaque

statim

subitō

[v] Caesar, ubi hās rēs ā captīvīs et perfugīs cognōvit …; this is an example of a temporal clause

(1) briefly explain what the term means and translate the extract to illustrate its use

(2) find a further example of a temporal clause

[vi] Cassivelaunus, quī spem contentiōnis āmīserat, …; this is an example of a relative clause

(1) briefly explain what the term means and translate the extract to illustrate its use

(2) find a further example of a relative clause

____________________

[i]

aedificia < aedificium

agrōs < ager

perfugīs < perfuga, -ae [1/m]: deserter

spem < spēs

[ii]

exercitum < exercitus, -ūs [4/m]

impetum < impetus, -ūs [4/m]

[iii]

āmīserat < āmittō

audēbant < audeō

cognōvit < cognōscō

dūxit < dūcō

incendēbant < incendō

potest < possum

sustinēre < sustineō

[iv]

interim: meanwhile

itaque: therefore

statim: immediately

subitō: suddenly

[v]

(1) a temporal clause ( a clause of time) gives information as to when the action in the main clause takes / took place

Caesar, when he learned of these events from captives and deserters, …

(2) ubi Caesar ad hunc fluvium vēnit

[vi]

(1) a relative (or adjectival) clause gives additional information about the person / thing in the main clause

Cassivelaunus, who had lost hope of resistance, …

(2) quī vastābant agrōs

27.02.26: Level 1; Carolus et Maria [25][iv] comprehension (3)

[5] The images (1) – (11) are in the correct order; match the Latin statements.

_____ "Heu! Heu!" exclāmat māter.

_____ “Mox aut vulnerābimur …

_____ … et perīculōsa est

_____ … quod nōn omnēs natāmus."

_____ aut necābimur,…

_____ et in rīpā esse cupit.

_____ Māter, tamen, perīculum timet …

_____ Nunc inter saxa nāvicula nōn tam celeriter sē movet.

_____ Poēta omnia dē nāviculīs flūminibusque intellegit.

_____ Subitō undique sunt saxa.

_____ Via, quae inter saxa est, angusta …

[6] "Minimē," inquit pater, "tūtī erimus. Saepe haec nāvicula per haec saxa tūta venit."

Post tempus longum omnēs iterum ad rīpam veniunt. Poēta in terram vincula, quibus nāvicula tenētur, conicit. Laetissima est māter quod iterum lībera perīculō est. Prope nāviculam est casa parva poētae. Hīc multās rēs poēta scrībit. Tōtam noctem omnēs in casā manent. Diū hanc noctem memoriā tenēbunt. Paucīs diēbus necesse erit Rōmam relinquere. Maestī Americānī Rōmam et poētam et mīlitem relinquent.

[6] Comprehension

[i] Why does the father say they will be safe? (2)

[ii] When do they reach the shore? (1)

[iii] How does the poet secure the boat? (3)

[iv] Why is the mother very happy? (2)

[v] What is near the boat? (1)

[vi] What does the poet do here? (1)

[vii] Translate: Tōtam noctem omnēs in casā manent. Diū hanc noctem memoriā tenēbunt. Paucīs diēbus necesse erit Rōmam relinquere. Maestī Americānī Rōmam et poētam et mīlitem relinquent. (8)

____________________

[5]

(1) Subitō undique sunt saxa. (2) Via, quae inter saxa est, angusta (3) et perīculōsa est. (4) Poēta omnia dē nāviculīs flūminibusque intellegit. (5) Māter, tamen, perīculum timet (6) et in rīpā esse cupit. (7) Nunc inter saxa nāvicula nōn tam celeriter sē movet. (8) "Heu! Heu!" exclāmat māter. (9) "Mox aut vulnerābimur (10) aut necābimur, quod (11) nōn omnēs natāmus."

[6]

[i] (1) This small boat often comes safely (2) through these rocks.

[ii] after a long time

[iii] (1) He throws onto the land (2) the chains (3) by which the boat is held.

[iv] (1) She is again free (2) from danger.

[v] The poet’s small cottage.

[vi] writes many things

[vii] (1) All night long (2) everyone stays in the hut. (3) For a long time (4) they will hold this night in memory [ = remember this night]. (5) In a few days (days’ time) (6) it will be necessary to leave Rome. (7) The sad Americans will leave Rome, (8) and the poet, and the soldier.