Gēryonēs gigās triplicī corpore in īnsulā Erythīā habitābat, multōs bovēs habēbat īdem, ā gigante Eurytiōne et ā cane bicipite custōdītōs. Herculēs hīs potīrī volēbat, itaque in Libyam et Hispāniam profectus est. Ibi ad utrumque latus maris columnās statuit: hīs igitur nōmen Herculeīs columnīs datum est. Calōre sōlis lacessītus in Helion tēla coniēcit: hic vērō audāciam mīrātus, eum aureā cymbā dōnāvit: itaque Erythīam pervenīre potuit. Interfectō Gēryonē cum Eurytiōne et cane, cum bōbus reversus est.
cymba, -ae [1/f]:
boat
gigās, gigantis
[3/m]: giant
īdem [m] / eadem [f] / idem [n]: the same (note the slight difference between the masculine and neuter)
https://www.theoi.com/Gigante/GiganteGeryon.html
Translate the
phrases and explain the form and use of the words in bold:
[i] gigās triplicī
corpore
[ii] multōs bovēs
habēbat īdem … (1) ā cane bicipite (2) custōdītōs
[iii] (1) calōre
sōlis (2) lacessītus
[iv] (1) hic
verō audāciam (2) mīrātus …
[v] ad utrumque
latus maris
____________________
[i] gigās
triplicī corpore │ a giant with a threefold body; ablative of
description
triplex,
triplicis: threefold; triple
There
are different accounts of Geryon’s appearance: one body and three heads
(Hesiod), three bodies (Aeschylus)
[ii]
multōs bovēs habēbat īdem … (1) ā cane bicipite (2) custōdītōs │ the
same (giant) had many oxen, guarded by a dog with two heads; (1) ā cane:
ablative of agent; (2) cūstōdītōs: acc. pl. of perfect passive
participle (agreeing with bōvēs) < custōdiō, -īre, -iī, custōdītus
[4]: guard
[iii]
(1) calōre sōlis (2) lacessītus │ (having been) annoyed by the
heat of the sun; (1) calōre: ablative of means / instrument; (2)
lacessītus: perfect passive participle < lacessō, -ere, -īvī, lacessītus [3]
(here): irritate; annoy; provoke; harass
[iv]
(1) hic verō audāciam (2) mīrātus …│ the latter, wondering / having
wondered at his boldness …
(1) hic:
the latter; the preceding sentence refers both to Hercules and the Greek god
Helios: in Helion tēla coniēcit │ he (i.e. Hercules) threw darts
at Helios; hic is used to refer to the latter of the two
(Helios); Hercules has been mentioned several times before, whereas the name Helios
has only just been referred to
(2)
mīrātus, -a, -um: perfect active participle < mīror, mīrārī, mīrātus
sum [1/dep] i.e. ‘having wondered’; deponent verb: passive in form but active
in meaning
[v] ad
utrumque latus maris │ on each side of the sea; neuter ablative
singular < uterque, utraque, utrumque: each (of two)
25.07.25:
Level 3; pronominal adjectives [6](1); uterque: both; each (of two)
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/04/250725-level-3-pronominal-adjectives-61.html
Geryones, a giant with a threefold body, used to live in the island of Erythia; the same had many oxen, guarded by the giant Eurytion and a dog with two heads. Hercules wished to get possession of these, so he set out for Libya and Spain. There he set up columns on each side of the sea; to these, therefore, was given the name of the Columns of Hercules. Annoyed by the heat of the sun he hurled darts at Helios; but the latter, wondering at his boldness, presented him with a golden boat; so he was able to get to Erythia. After Geryon had been killed, together with Eurytion and the dog, he returned with the oxen.
Heracles
fighting Geryon, amphora ca. 540 BC, Louvre
Helios: from
the temple of Athena in Ilion (Troy); between the first quarter of the 3rd
century BC and 390 BC; Pergamon-Museum, Berlin
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