arcus, -ūs [4/m] pluvius: rainbow
tonitrus, -ūs [4/m]: thunder
The first thing to note is that, in “percentage” terms,
there are far fewer nouns in the 4th and 5th declension than in the other
three; you can see that just by looking at the weather vocabulary in the two
previous posts.
The fourth declension was covered in detail in recent posts,
and so now we come to a milestone: the fifth declension - and
the last one.
glaciēs, -ēī [5/f]: ice
Also:
dīluviēs, -ēī [5/f]: flood; deluge; English derivative:
ante-diluvian (Biblical) before the (Genesis) flood; also used to describe
extremely old-fashioned ideas
intemperiēs, -ēī [5/f]: immoderate rains; tempest; storm;
English derivative: intemperate language i.e. language that lacks moderation;
intemperate weather i.e. severe
temperiēs, -ēī [5/f]: moderate temperature; English
derivative: temperate climate i.e. one without extremes
There are very few 5th declension nouns. I’ve listed the
ones that I think are most common. All 5th declension nouns are feminine apart
from [i] diēs (day) which, depending on context, may also be masculine, and
[ii] meridiēs [masculine]
diēs, -ēi [5/m or f]: day
mēridiēs, -ēi [5/m]: midday; noon; south
aciēs, -ēī [5/f]: keenness; edge; line of battle
faciēs, -ēī [5/f]: shape; form; figure; face
effigiēs, -ēī [5/f]: image; likeness; effigy
glaciēs, -ēī [5/f]: ice
perniciēs, -ēī [5/f]: disaster; ruin
plānitiēs, -ēī [5/f]: plain; plateau
rabiēs, -ēī [5/f]: rage; madness
speciēs, -ēī [5/f]: sight; look(s); appearance
superficiēs, -ēī [5/f]: surface
fidēs, -eī [5/f]: pledge; trust; faith
rēs, -eī [5/f]: thing; matter; event
spēs, -eī [5/f]: hope
bona fide: genuine, without deception < Latin bonā fidē:
in good faith
prima facie: (Law) enough to establish a fact unless
disproved < Latin prīmā faciē: at first sight
The images posted show the common feature of derivatives;
the original Latin words can have a range of related meanings whereas the
derivatives tend to be very specific.
PS: I just realised that one of the images posted looks a bit like Meghan Markle: it isn't
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