Posted are the case endings for the 5th declension using two nouns as examples: diēs (day) and rēs (thing; matter; issue) and below are some phrases that might help you to remember them. The table is colour coded so you can see where more than one case shares the same ending.
[1] nominative
singular, nominative and accusative plural: -ēs
The ending is in the English
derivatives: species, rabies although the Latin pronunciation, of course, is
different:
spe-ci-ēs [spé-ki-ēs];
ra-bi-ēs; di-ēs
- diēs Īrae: the day of Wrath
[2] The accusative
singular has the same distinctive -em as all other
declensions in the accusative:
First: puellam
Second: hortum
Third: mīlitem
Fourth: exercitum
Fifth: diem
- Remember: carpe diem (Horace): Seize the day
[3] the genitive
singular and the dative singular share the same
ending: -eī
- Example in the genitive: prīma ¦ diēī ¦ hōra: the first hour ¦ of the day
[4] the ablative
singular: -ē
- bonā fidē
- prīmā faciē
- quārē: for what reason?
[4] genitive plural:
-ērum
- There is a famous book by the Roman author Lucretius entitled: dē ¦ rērum ¦ nātūra: on the nature ¦ of things
[5] dative and
ablative plural: -ēbus
- Example in the ablative: Dā pācem, Domine ¦ in diēbus nostrīs: Give peace, Lord ¦ in our days
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