07.12.25: Latin vocabulary: dining and cooking [3]; what’s on the table?

The vocabulary is presented for all sections in such a way that it can be spoken and applied to your own experiences. Therefore, below is a list of items that are or can be set on a 21^st century table.

[1]

coc(h)lear, -āris [3/n]: spoon; coc(h)lear magnum / parvum: a large / small spoon

culter, cultrī [2/m]: knife; cultellus, -ī [2/m]: small knife

fuscinula, -ae [1/f]: fork

[2]

acētum, -ī [2/n]: vinegar

condīmentum, -ī [2/n]: spice; seasoning

embamma, embammatis [3/n]: sauce

iūs, iūris [3/n]: gravy; sauce; juice; soup or broth

piper, -is [3/n]: pepper; piper integrum / trītum: whole / crushed peppercorn

sāl, -is [3 m/n]: salt 

salīnum, -ī [2/n]: salt cellar

sināpis, -is [3/f]; sināpi [n/indecl.]: mustard

[3]

būtȳrum, -ī [2/n]: butter

corbula, -ae [1/f]: small basket

saccharon, saccharī [2/n]: “a sweet juice distilling from the joints of the bamboo, a kind of sugar” (L & S); Sanskrit शर्करा / śárkarā: ground or candied sugar

> saccharum, -ī [2/n] (Neo-Latin): sugar; saccharum cubicum: sugar cube

[4]

candēlābrum, -ī [2/n]: branched candlestick; candelabrum

There is some flexibility in the precise definition of the following words. However, to differentiate them, we will go with:

(1) mappa, -ae [1/f] (CL): napkin; mappula, -ae [1/f] (post-15^th c.): small napkin; table napkin

(2) mantēle, -is (mantīle, -is) [3/n] (CL): cloth to wipe hands or mouth, towel, napkin; post-Classical: table cloth

Mantēlibus aureīs semper strāvit (Pollo)│ He always spread his tables with golden covers.