05.05.26; Level 3+; Subjunctive [33] dependent uses [1] purpose [ii] + present subjunctive (2) practice

When translating you can either:

(1) stay as close as possible to the Latin original e.g. ‘In order that / so that I (you etc.) may (not) do something, or:

(2) change the subordinate clause into an English infinitive e.g. (not) to …, which is a more natural rendering even if it does not reflect the original Latin grammar.

Ad urbem eō ut pānem emam. │ I’m going to town (1) in order that / so that I may buy bread; (2) … in order to buy bread.

(3) In almost all the sentences, the subject is the same in the principal and the subordinate clause.

I’m going to town ¦ so that I may buy bread = I’m going to town to buy bread.

However, in sentences 14 - 16, the subject changes. In English, an infinitive alone would not work. When the subject of the purpose clause in English is not the same as the subject of the main clause, English cannot use an infintive.

Hōs librōs ēmī ut sapientior fīās. │ I’ve bought these books so that you may become wiser.

Iste vir mentītur nē aurum inveniam. │ This man is lying so that I don’t find the gold.

1. Domum festīnō ut fūrēs expellam.
2. Ad Āsiam redeō ut hostēs vincam.
3. Trōiam currō ut captīvōs līberem.
4. Ad Graeciam īs ut discipulam aegram servēs.
5. Domum īs ut senem iuvēs.
6. Rōmam iter facis ut multōs librōs emās.
7. Fīlia ad Galliam venit ut Horātiam videat.
8. Ad urbem it nē patrem videat.
9. Tullia domum fugit ut Lēdam inveniat.
10. Labōrāmus ut dīvitēs fīāmus.
11. Ad Caesarem ībimus ut pācem rogēmus.
12. Ducentōs mittēmus ut hostium iter impediāmus.
13. Ut tūtus sīs, manē in urbe.
14. Nē ignāvum tē pūtēmus, fortiter pugnā!
15. Nē hostēs urbem capiant, tōtus exercitus proficīscitur.
16. Bellum gerimus nē urbem capiātis.

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1. I hurry home to drive out the thieves.
2. I’m returning to Asia to defeat / so that I may defeat the enemy.
3. I run to Troy so that I may free the captives.
4. You go to Greece so that you may save the sick student.
5. You’re going home to help the old man.
6. You’re making the journey to Rome so that you may buy many books.
7. The daughter comes to Gaul so that she may see Horatia.
8. He goes to the city in order not to see (his) father.
9. Tullia flees home to find Leda.
10. We work so that we may become rich.
11. We will go to Caesar to ask for peace.
12. We will send 200 (men) so that we may hinder the enemy’s march.
13. Stay in the city so that you may be safe.
14. Fight bravely so that we don’t think you’re cowardly.
15. So that the enemies do not capture the city, the whole army sets out.
16. We wage war so that you may not capture the city.