Saturday, October 25, 2025

10.01.26: Level 1; 3rd declension adjectives [iii] 1 termination; 3 terminations; stem changes

[i] a 1 termination adjective only has one ending in the nominative singular for masculine, feminine and neuter e.g. audāx: bold; ingēns: huge

[ii] a 3 termination adjective has three endings in the nominative singular i.e. a separate ending for each gender e.g. celer (m), celeris (f), celere (n): fast; ācer, acris, acre: bitter

[iii] One and three termination adjectives are far fewer in number than two termination.

[iv] Image #1: All 3rd declension adjectives – regardless of the number of terminations in the nominative singular – are declined in the same way. The image shows the three different terminations. Whatever the nominative neuter singular is, it will be the same in the accusative singular.

[iii] Images #2 and #3: some 3rd declension adjectives, like 3rd declension nouns, can undergo a change in the stem. That stem is listed as the genitive singular of the adjective; it is to that stem which, apart from the nominative singular and the neuter accusative singular, all the other endings are added.

audāx, audācis: bold; the stem is formed by removing the genitive singular ending

audāc¦is > audāc-

ingēns, ingentis: huge

ingent¦is > ingent-

Note: the small change with adjectives which have a nominative in -āns / -ēns; when the stem is added, the /a/ and /e/ are shortened i.e. ingēns > ingentis


LINKS

Summary of 3rd declension adjectives

https://www.facebook.com/groups/latinforstarters/permalink/430876419523632/

or

https://mega.nz/file/7EFwQRbb#ZNryGxwHksaaa6ki4MFamvTuskNzGlL7BTBrg-eakFI

Link to all posts on the 3rd declension of adjectives

https://mega.nz/file/OJFiyYRD#xolJEigSQAzZBOaWllJnxAQccjwl7D9-9Y0xoI17iSA

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