25.02.26: Level 2; Vincent (Latin Reader); XLIV / XLV; [1] the Crossing of the Thames; [2] Guerrilla Warfare (i) comprehension

[1] the Crossing of the Thames

Interim Caesar exercitum ad fluvium Tamesim in agrōs Cassivelaunī dūxit. Hic fluvius ūnō locō sōlō pedibus trānsīrī* potest. Ubi Caesar ad hunc fluvium vēnit, Britannī cōpiās magnās in alterā rīpā habēbant. In rīpā et in fluviō sudēs erant acūtae. Caesar, ubi hās rēs ā captīvīs et perfugīs cognōvit, equitēs et legiōnēs statim praemīsit. Hostēs impetum nostrōrum sustinēre nōn poterant, atque fugae sē mandāvērunt.

impedītus, -a, -um: difficult i.e. in the sense of terrain that causes obstructions or slows progress

sudis, -is [3/f]: stake; log

*trānsīrī: to be crossed

11.01.25: Level 2: the passive voice [19]; present passive infinitive

https://adckl.blogspot.com/2024/10/110125-level-2-passive-voice-19-present.html

[1] Comprehension

In which order are the following first referred to?

enemy troops on the opposite bank _____

finding out information _____

inability to sustain an attack _____

limited crossing point _____

reaching the Thames _____

retreating _____

sending troops ahead _____

sharp stakes _____

[2] Guerrilla Warfare

Cassivelaunus, quī spem contentiōnis āmīserat, cum equitibus sōlīs itinera Rōmānōrum servābat. Ex viā excēdēbat atque in silvīs et locīs impedītīs sē occultābat. Subitō impetum contrā Rōmānōs quī vastābant agrōs faciēbat. Itaque Rōmānī nōn procul ā legiōnibus discēdere audēbant, sed agrōs hostium vastābant et aedificia incendēbant.

[2] Comprehension

[i] What phrase tells you that Cassivelaunus saw no point in resisting?

[ii] the title of the text is “Guerrilla Warfare”. In your own words / note form, explain the guerrilla tactics used by Cassivelaunus: “cum equitibus …” to “agrōs faciēbat.” (6)

(1) watching the Romans’ routes / marches

(2) only with cavalry

(3) would leave the road

(4) hid in woods and difficult terrain

(5) sudden attack on the Romans ¦ (6) while they were ravaging the fields

[iii] How did the Romans react to these tactics? (3)

____________________

[1]

enemy troops on the opposite bank (3)

finding out information (5)

inability to sustain an attack (7)

limited crossing point (2)

reaching the Thames (1)

retreating (8)

sending troops ahead (6)

sharp stakes (4)

[2]

[i] quī spem contentiōnis āmīserat

[ii] (1) watching the Romans’ routes / marches; (2) only with cavalry; (3) would leave the road; (4) hid in woods and difficult terrain; (5) sudden attack on the Romans ¦ (6) while they were ravaging the fields

[iii] (1) did not (dare to) move far from the legions; (2) ravaged / laid waste to the enemy’s fields; (3) set fire to the buildings