19.02.26: Level 2; Vincent (Latin Reader); XLII / XLIII; [1] A Surprise Attack by the British; [2] the Submission of the Trinobantes (i) comprehension

[1] A Surprise Attack by the British

Posterō diē hostēs, quī procul ā castrīs erant in collibus, nostrōs equitēs proeliō lacessere incipiēbant. Tempore merīdiānō, ubi Caesar trēs legiōnēs et omnēs equitēs cum Gāiō Trebōniō, lēgātō, frūmentī causā mīserat, illī subitō in pābulātōrēs impetum fēcērunt. Sed nostrī ācriter resistēbant atque magnum numerum illōrum necāvērunt et cēterōs fugāvērunt. Hāc ex fugā auxilia, quae omnibus ex partibus convēnerant ad hostēs, discessērunt nec post illud tempus hostēs cum omnibus cōpiīs contrā nostrōs contendērunt.

pabulātor, -ōris [3/m]: forager

hāc ex fugā: after this rout

[1] Comprehension

[i] When did the incident happen? (1)

[ii] Where were the enemy? (2)

[iii] What did they start to do? (2)

[iv] Who is Gaius Trebonius? (1)

[v] What had Caesar sent him to do? (1)

[vi] At what time did the enemy attack? (1)

[vii] Who did they attack? (1)

[viii] How did the Romans react? (3)

[ix] Where had the auxiliary troops come from? (1)

[x] What did the auxiliary troops do after the enemy had fled?

[2] the Submission of the Trinobantes

Inde Trinobantēs, prope firmissima illārum regiōnum cīvitās, lēgātōs ad Caesarem dē pāce mīsērunt atque sē Caesarī dedērunt. Ex hāc cīvitāte Mandubracius, fīlius rēgis, ad Caesarem in Galliam vēnerat. Caesar multōs obsidēs et frūmentum imperat atque Mandubracium ad illōs mittit. Illī imperāta faciunt atque obsidēs ad numerum et frūmentum mittunt. Inde gentēs multae lēgātōs dē pāce mittunt atque sē Caesarī dant.

ad numerum: to the required number

[2] Comprehension

[i] The Trinobantes were:

[A] the strongest of all the tribes; [B] nearly the strongest tribe; [C] a very strong tribe

[ii] What would be the most fluent way of translating the following extract, particularly avoiding literal translations of the phrases in bold: lēgātōs ad Caesarem dē pāce mīsērunt atque sē Caesarī dedērunt (3)

[iii] Mandubracius:

[A] went to see Caesar’s son; [B] had come from Gaul to see Caesar; [C] had gone to Gaul to see Caesar

[iv] What did Caesar demand? (2)

[v] What phrase tells you that Caesar’s demands were carried out exactly? (1)

Illī imperāta faciunt atque obsidēs ad numerum et frūmentum mittunt.

[vi] How do we know that other tribes accepted defeat? (3)

____________________

[1]

[i] on the following day

[ii] (1) in the hills; (2) far / at distance from the camp

[iii] (1) provoke the cavalry (2) to fight / battle

[iv] tribune / lieutenant

[v] get / gather grain

[vi] midday

[vii] foragers

[viii] (1) resisted fiercely; (2) killed a large number of the enemy; (3) put the rest to flight

[ix] from all parts (directions)

[x] (1) departed; (2) afterwards / after that time enemy did not advance; (3) against the Romans; (4) with all their forces

[2]

[i] [B] nearly the strongest tribe │ prope firmissima illārum regiōnum cīvitās

[ii] (1) They sent ambassadors to Caesar (2) [literally: about / concerning peace] to discuss peace (3) and [literally: gave themselves] surrendered (themselves) to Caesar.

[iii] [C] had gone to Gaul to see Caesar │ ad Caesarem in Galliam vēnerat

[iv] (1) many hostages; grain │ multōs obsidēs et frūmentum (imperat)

[v] ad numerum │ to the required number

[vi] (1) many tribes sent envoys (2) to discuss peace; (3) surrendered to Caesar