Video notes
[i] Quid
est? │ What is it? The same expression can be used to express “What’s
wrong / what’s the matter?”
[ii] Quid est hoc?
│ What is this / it? [i.e. referring to an inanimate object]; the
question uses the neuter hoc because, at that point, the gender
remains unknown to the speaker; German: Was ist das [neuter]?; Russian:
Chto eto [neuter]?; Spanish: ¿Qué es esto [neuter]?
[iii] When the
answer is given, hic, haec and hoc will reflect the gender
of the noun. Although indicating something near the speaker, ‘it’ rather than
‘this’ can also be used in translation.
Quid est hoc?
│ What is this (thing) / it?
Hic est gladius [masculine] │ This is /
it is a sword.
Hic gladius longus est │ This sword
is long.
Haec est mēnsa [feminine] │ This / it is
a table.
Haec mēnsa rotunda est │ This table
is round.
Hoc est templum [neuter] │ This is / it
is a temple.
Hoc templum antīquum est │ This temple is
ancient.
[iv] Word order
in Latin is flexible because the endings of words tell you how they are related
to each other. In general, a verb is placed at the end of a sentence but that
is by no means a hard and fast rule, and authors will change the order
depending on, for example, the emphasis they wish to place on a word.
Hic gladius longus
est = Hic gladius est longus│ This sword is long
Hic est gladius longus.
│ This is a long sword.
20.02.24: Asking
and saying who people are
https://www.facebook.com/groups/latinforstarters/posts/394496183161656/
20.02.24: hic,
haec, hoc [2]
https://www.facebook.com/groups/latinforstarters/posts/394751416469466/
20.02.24: Quis est
hic / haec?
https://www.facebook.com/groups/latinforstarters/posts/394756356468972/
20.02.24: hic,
haec, hoc [3]
https://www.facebook.com/groups/latinforstarters/posts/394768023134472/
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