The vocabulary listed here and in the next post is not confined to weather; some words are also used to convey people’s emotions e.g. burning with passion, or in specific contexts e.g. fire.
At this level you should begin to differentiate between literal
/ physical and figurative meaning. Compare:
- She’s been out in the snow. She’s cold (literal / physical).
- I don’t like her. She’s very cold (figurative) towards me.
[1]
algus, -ūs [4/m]: feeling of cold / coldness
algidus, -a, -um: cold
algeō, -ēre [2]:
feel cold
algēscit: it’s getting cold
Verbs with the infix -sc- are known as inchoative or inceptive
verbs denoting the beginning or intensification of an action, for
example:
liquēre [2]: to be fluid / liquid > nix liquēscit:
the snow is melting
https://adckl.blogspot.com/search/label/inchoative%20verbs
[2]
frīgus, -oris [3/n]: cold(ness)
frīgidus, -a, -um: cold
frīgidulus, -a, -um: a little cold; chilly
frīgeō, -ēre: be cold / chilly; freeze
frīgēscit: it’s getting cold
[3]
tepor, -ōris [3/m]: (gentle) warmth
tepidus, -a, -um: warm
tepeō, -ēre [2]:
be warm / lukewarm / tepid
tepēscit: it’s getting (moderately) warm
[4]
calor, -ōris / caldor, -ōris [3] warmth; heat
calidus, -a, -um / caldus, -a, -um: hot
caleō, -ēre [2]: be warm / hot; glow
calēscit:
it’s getting warm / hot
Hīc Sīrius alget, brūma tepet (Statius)
- Here Sirius (the Dog Star) is cold, midwinter is warm.
Dum calet, dēvorārī decet iam (Plautus)
- While he's warm, it’s now proper for him to be gobbled up
atque etiam maria agitāta ventīs … tepēscunt (Cicero)
- and even the seas, stirred by the winds, grow warm
Per aestātem caelum merīdiānum sōle exoriente calēscit,
merīdiē ārdet; item quod spectat ad occidentem, sōle exortō tepēscit,
merīdiē calet, vespere fervet (Vitruvius)
- During the summer the southern sky, when the sun rises, grows warm; at midday it burns. Likewise that which faces west, when the sun has risen, becomes warm; at midday it is hot; in the evening it is blazing.
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