02.07.26: Level 3(+) (review); weather (4); hot and cold running Romans [2]

[5]

ārdeō, -ēre [2]: burn (consumed by fire); the verb is a good example of conveying both literal and figurative meaning

Domus ārdēbat in Palātiō nōn fortuitō, sed oblātō incendiō (Cicero)

• The house was burning on the Palatine, not by chance, but because the fire had been deliberately set.

Ārdent oculī (Plautus)

• His eyes are glowing.

Ārdēbat amōre illīus hospitae (Cicero)

• He was burning with love for that hostess.

[6]

aestus, -ūs [4/m]: [i] heat / fire [ii] tide [iii] passion

aestuōsus, -a, -um:  [i] hot / sultry [ii] agitated

aestuō, -āre [1]: [i] (of fire) burn; (as a result of fire) be hot / glow [ii] burn (with desire) [iii] be in agitation (or other similar upset or turmoil)

Aestuat ut clausīs rapidus fornācibus ignis (Vergil)

• As the rapacious fire blazes in a sealed furnace.

Vēnit enim tempus, quō torridus aestuat āēr, incipit et siccō fervēre terra Cane (Propertius)

• For the season has come when the scorching air seethes with heat, and the earth begins to burn beneath the dry Dog-star.

Exustus ager morientibus aestuat herbīs (Vergil)

• The scorched land burns with withering grasses.

Aestuat unda mināx (Lucan)

• The threatening wave seethes.

Quod ubi audītum est aestuāre illī quī pecūniam dederant (Cicero)

• And when this was known, they began to fret who had paid the money.

Sīc anceps inter utrumque animus aestuat (Quintilian)

• Consequently, the mind wavers in doubt between the two alternatives.

[7] ferveō, -ēre [2] or fervō, -ere [3]: [i] be hot / burn / boil [ii] be inflamed / agitated

aqua fervēns: boiling water

opere omnis sēmita fervet (Vergil)

• The whole trail swarms with activity.

Fōns mediā nocte fervet, mox et paulātim tepēscēns fit lūce frīgidus, tunc ut sōl surgit ita subinde frīgidior per merīdiem maximē riget, sūmit dein tepōrem iterum, et prīmā nocte calidus, atque ut illa prōcēdit ita caldior rūrsus cum est media perfervet (Pomponius Mela)

Fōns mediā nocte fervet, │ The spring boils at midnight;

mox et paulātim tepēscēns fit lūce frīgidus, │ soon, and gradually growing tepid, it becomes cold at dawn

tunc ut sōl surgit ita subinde frīgidior per merīdiem maximē riget, │ then, as the sun rises, it grows successively colder and is at its most numb / chilled about midday

sūmit dein tepōrem iterum, │ it then takes warmth again,

et prīmā nocte calidus │ and is warm in the first part of the night,

atque ut illa prōcēdit ita caldior rūrsus cum est media perfervet │ and as it (the night) goes on, it becomes warmer; then, when it is the middle (of the night) / midnight, it grows very hot.