Monday, March 2, 2026

20.07.26: Level 2 (review); Carolus et Maria [30] [iv] full text; grammar (2)

Longē ā scholā est mōns parvus. Quamquam iter est longum et necesse est in carrīs īre, hodiē tōtum diem ibi discipulī cum magistrā manent. Mōns est locus grātus et diēs est idōneus ad iter. Quamquam mōns nōn est altus, ē summō monte oppidum vidētis, sī caelum est clārum et nūllae nūbēs sunt in caelō. Prope montem est flūmen parvum in quō discipulī natant et paucae nāviculae videntur. Ā dextrā et trāns flūmen oppidum vidētis. In ulteriōre rīpā et inter oppidum et flūmen sunt agrī et collēs parvī.

Diū magistra et discipulī errant. Pars eōrum dēfessa est quod diū in flūmine natat. Itaque paucī in saxō magnō sedent. “Hic est locus ad cēnam idōneus,” inquit magistra. “Cupitisne hīc cēnam ēsse?” Omnēs ita cupiunt. Post cēnam discipulī fābulam dēsīderant. Prīmō magistra silet. Deinde haec nārrat:

“Undique circumspectāte, discipulī; prope hunc montem est flūmen quod Tiberis appellātur. In ulteriōre rīpā sunt agrī Etrūscōrum, hostēs Rōmānōrum, quī in illō locō moenia habent. Impetum in Rōmānōs facere cupiunt. Vigilēs quī ē vāllō prōspectant prope portās castrōrum stant. Etrūscī quoque sunt. Ubīque nūntiī currunt.”

“Ecce! Ecce!” clāmant puerī; “Rōmānī sumus. Agmen longum hostium, quī ad urbem nostram iter faciunt, paene vidēmus.”

“Silēte,” inquit magistra, “et audīte. Illīs temporibus Rōma nōn erat magna sed moenia bona habēbat. Rōma cīvēs et mīlitēs magnae virtūtis habēbat. Exercitus erat magnae virtūtis. Etrūscī quoque erant fortēs. Rōmam occupāre cupiēbant. Ūnus collis, Iāniculum appellātus, ab Etrūscīs occupātus erat. Cīvēs perterritī erant. Ab Etrūscīs superābantur. Deōs auxilium rogābant. Ipsum patrem deōrum auxilium rogābant. Illīs temporibus deī ipsī in bellō cum virīs pugnābant. Ita Rōmānī putābant. Etrūscī domum magnam praedam portāre parātī erant, sed posteā, ubi Etrūscī superātī sunt, Rōmānī maximās deīs grātiās ēgērunt.”

“Hōs Etrūscōs barbarōs nōn probō,” inquit ūnus puer parvus.

“Barbarī nōn erant,” respondet magistra. “Aedificia pulchra habēbant. Pulchrae erant pictūrae eōrum. Rēgēs et exercitum habēbant. Deī Etrūscōrum erant multī et Etrūscī cōnsilia deōrum semper sciēbant.”

Vesper est. Tempus domum īre est. Hic est fīnis fābulae.

The way in which prepositions are expressed in English and Latin are not always the same. While there can be word-for-word equivalents, the languages may convey an idea using different prepositions, or Latin sometimes uses cases or single adverbs, whereas English uses prepositions or prepositional phrases.

Find the words and phrases from the text and note the similarities and differences between the Latin and the English.

[1]

[i] across the river

[ii] after dinner

[iii] between the town and the river

[iv] (occupied) by the Etruscans

[v] near the mountain / near the gates

[vi] towards the city

[vii] (together) with the teacher / with men

[2]

[i] (look out) from the wall / fortification

[ii] from the top of the mountain

[iii] far from the school

[3]

[i] (a place) suitable for dinner

[ii] (the day is) suitable for the journey

[iii] for the whole day

[iv] (they asked the gods) for help

[v] (they wander) for a long time

[4]

[i] in war / in the sky / in that place

[ii] on a large rock

[iii] on the opposite (upper) bank

[iv] an attack on / against the Romans

[v] on the right

[vi] in those times

[vii] on all sides

____________________

[1]

[i] trāns flūmen

[ii] post cēnam

[iii] inter oppidum et flūmen

[iv] ab Etrūscīs occupātus

[v] prope montem / prope portās

[vi] ad urbem

[vii] cum magistrā / cum virīs

[2]

[i] ē vallō (prōspectant)

[ii] ē summō monte

[iii] longē ā scholā

[3]

[i] (locus) ad cēnam idōneus

[ii] (diēs est) idōneus ad iter

[iii] totum diem

[iv] deōs auxilium (rogābant)

[v] diū (errant)

[4]

[i] in bellō / in caelō / in illō locō

[ii] in saxō magnō

[iii] in ulteriōre rīpā

[iv] impetum in Rōmānōs

[v] ā dextrā

[vi] illīs temporibus

[vii] undique

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