28.09.26: Level 3 / 3+ (Review); Hillard & Botting [64] Labours of Hercules (3)

[1] Ērat olim mōnstrum horrendum, Hydra nōmine, quod in palūde prope lacum Lernaeum habitābat agrōsque finitīmōs vastābat. Huic novem erant capita, quōrum medium immortāle fuit. Herculēs, quī ab Eurystheō mōnstrum occīdere iussus erat, ingentī clāvā oppugnābat: quotiēns autem ūnum caput abscīderat, statim duo capita eōdem locō crēscēbant: etiam pugnantī ingēns subvēnit cancer, ā quō Herculēs vulnerātus est.

Briefly explain why each of the following are referred to:

[i] Hydra (2)

[ii] palūde (2)

[iii] Lernaeum (2)

[iv] novem (2)

[v] Eurystheō (2)

[vi] clavā (2)

[vii] ūnum … duo … (2)

[viii] cancer (2)

[2] Translate: Erat autem Herculī minister quīdam fīdus, Iolāus nōmine, cuius auxiliō reliqua capita incendit, medium illud, quod immortāle esse dīcēbātur, sub magnō saxō sepelīvit. (10)

[3] Tum sanguine eius sagittās cruentāvit, cuius venēnō omnēs posteā, quī Herculis sagittīs vulnerātī erant, necābantur.

What did Hercules do with the blood and why? (4)

Vocabulary

cancer, cancrī [2/m]: crab

crēscō, crēscere, crēvī, crētus [3]: grow 

fīdus, -a, -um: faithful

pālus, palūdis [3/f]: marsh 

quotiēns: whenever

sepelīō, sepelīre, sepelīvī, sepultus [4]: bury

subveniō, subvenīre, subvēnī, subventus [4]: come to the help of (+ dative) 

____________________

[1]

[i] name of the monster

[ii] the marsh where it lives

[iii] the name of the lake where the marsh is near

[iv] the nine heads of the Hydra

[v] the name of the man who ordered Hercules to carry out the task

[vi] the club used by Hercules to attack the monster

[vii] for every one head cut off by Hercules, two grew back

[viii] the crab that helped the Hydra and injured Hercules

[2] Now Hercules had (1) a certain loyal assistant (1), named Iolaus (1) with whose help (1) he burned (1) the remaining heads (1), and buried (1) that middle one (1), which was said to be immortal (1), under a great rock (1).

[3] He dipped his arrows in it (1) so that the poison (1) would kill anyone (1) wounded by them (1).

____________________

Once there was a dreadful monster called the Hydra, which lived in a marsh near Lake Lerna and was ravaging the neighbouring fields. It had nine heads, of which the middle one was immortal. Hercules, who had been ordered by Eurystheus to kill the monster, attacked it with a huge club: but whenever he cut off one head, two heads immediately grew back in the same place. Moreover, while it was fighting, a huge crab came to its aid, and Hercules was wounded by it. Now Hercules had a certain loyal assistant, named Iolaus; with his help he burned the remaining heads, and buried that middle one, which was said to be immortal, under a great rock. Then he dipped his arrows in its blood, and by its poison all those who were later wounded by Hercules’ arrows were killed.