The Guests being
brought in by the Host, 11. wash their Hands out of a Laver,
12. or Ewer, 14. over a Hand-basin, 13. or Bowl,
15. and wipe them on a Hand-towel, 16. then they sit at the Table on Chairs,
17.
Convīvæ intrōductī
ab Hospite, 11. abluunt manūs ē Gutturnīō, 12. vel Aquālī,
14. super Malluvium, 13. aut Pēlvim, 15. terguntque Mantīlī,
16. tum assident Mēnsæ per Sedīlia, 17.
The Carver,
18. breaketh up the good Cheer,* and divideth it.
Strūctor, 18. deartuat dapēs, & distribuit.
Sauces are set amongst Roast-meat, in
Sawcers, 20.
Embammata interpōnuntur Assatūris in
Scutellīs, 20.
Notes
[i] *“the good
cheer” something that promotes good spirits especially food; the Latin describes
the carver cutting up the the meat of the feast (daps) itself and handing it
out to everybody present
[ii] passive forms
convīvæ intrōductī
ab hospite │ the guests (having been) brought in by the host …
embammata interpōnuntur
assatūris │ sauces are put between the roast meats
[ii]
tum assident mēnsæ
per sedīlia │ then they sit at the table on chairs
manūs … terguntque
mantīlī │ and they wipe their hands with a hand-towel
sedīle, -is [3/n]:
chair
mantīle, or mantēle,
-is [3/n]: cloth to wipe the hands or mouth; towel; napkin; see mappa in
the previous post
Both are neuter
i-stem nouns
Link: 14.06.25:
Level 3; Sonnenschein; Prō Patriā [3]; Cunobelīnus [4]; review: i-stem nouns
(3)
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/03/140625-level-3-sonnenschein-cunobelinus.html
[iii]
tum assident
mēnsæ [dative] │ then they sit at the table
embammata interpōnuntur
assatūris [dative] │ the sauces are placed among the
roast meats
assideō (or adsideō), -ēre [2]: to sit
at, by or near something
interponō, -ere [3]: put / place between
or among
Both of these
verbs are compounds, formed with a prefix (ad-, inter-)
which, when standing alone, act as prepositions; in these verbs the original physical
meaning of the preposition is retained. However, many compound verbs in Latin
are followed by the dative case; ad and inter as prepositions
are followed by the accusative case, but not when attached to the verb as
prefixes.
That Comenius put two
of them in the text does show what he wanted: he wanted the teacher to explain them.
Link: 13.04.25:
Level 3; Verbs with the dative case [1]: compound verbs
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/02/130425-level-3-verbs-with-dative-case-1.html
Vocabulary
[1]
convīva, -ae [1
m/f]: guest
daps, dapis [3/f]:
meal; banquet; feast
deartuō, -āre,
-āvī, -ātus [1]: dismember
hospes, hospitis
[3 m/f]: host (or guest)
strūctor,
strūctōris [3/m]: server; carver of food
https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0062:entry=structor-harpers
[2] There are many
words in Latin that describe vessels for containing, transporting and pouring liquids,
two of which are not in the text but which should be noted:
[i] amphora, -ae
[1/f]: two handled clay vessel usually with a blunt end for storage in sand or
against a wall or on a ship; wine and garum or liquāmen (fish
sauce) were products commonly stored and transported in an amphora, but they
would be far too big to pour a small glass of wine at a dinner table!
[ii] urceus, -ī [2/m]: any sort of jug with one handle; image #3 from the House of Aulus Umbricius Scaurus in Pompeii shows a one-handled garum bottle that would be described as an urceus.
From the text:
[iii] gutturnium,
-ī [2/n]: narrow-necked ewer; from guttur, -is [3/n]: throat;
neck; the translator uses the older term ‘laver’ which doesn’t quite match the
Latin original, a ‘laver’ referring to a washbasin
Also: gūtus (or:
guttus) [2/m]: narrow-necked jug or flask to pour small drops of liquids e.g.
oil; the word is derived from gutta, - ae [1/f]: drop (of
liquid); teardrop; Engl. deriv. gutter
[iv] aquālis, -is
[3/m]: vessel for washing e.g. wash-basin, ewer
[v] malluvium, -ī
[2/n] wash-handbasin; also: (1) labellum, -ī [2/n]: small water basin; (2) lābrum, -ī [2/n]: basin; large water
container for bathing
“Labrum, R. (lit. a lip). A general term to denote
any kind of vessel the brim of which turned over on the outside like the lip of
the human mouth; a wide flat basin which stood in the thermal chamber
or Caldarium of the Roman baths.” (Mollett: An Illustrated
Dictionary of Words used in Art and Archaeology)
https://www.gutenberg.org/files/67629/67629-h/67629-h.htm
[vi] pēlvis, -is
[3/f] (acc. -im): shallow bowl or basin, often associated with the washing of
feet:
Deinde mittit
aquam in pēlvim, et coepit lavāre pedēs discipulōrum (Vulgate) │
After that, he poured water into a basin and began to wash his
disciples’ feet
Puerī capillātī
attulērunt unguentum in argenteā pēlve pedēsque recumbentium ūnxērunt │
some long-haired boys brought ointment in a silver basin, and
anointed our feet as we lay (Petronius)
[vii] abluō, -ere, abluī, ablūtus [3]: wash (off / away); cleanse; purify
[3]
[i] assatūra, -ae
[1/f]: (Late) roasted meat
assō, -āre, -āvī,
-ātus [1]: roast
assus, -a, -um:
roasted; baked
[ii] embamma, embammatis
[3/n]: sauce < Anc. Gk. ἔμβαμμα
(émbamma); also: iūs, iūris [3/n]: gravy; sauce; juice
From the Apicius
cookbook:
iūs in cervō │ venison sauce
embamma in cervīnam assam │
marinade for roast venison
[iii] scutella, -ae [1/f]: small, shallow bowl; the translator gives this as ‘saucer’. However, the 17th century term here does not refer to the saucer you place under your coffee cup, but a small food container used for putting different sauces on a table; Classical definition: “a small tray or salver on which cups could be placed, and not a saucer or dish like its French derivative écuelle” (Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities)
