18.03.26: Level 2; Vincent (Latin Reader); L / LI; [1] The achievements of Caesar; [2] The Invasion by the Emperor Claudius (ii) grammar review

[1] The Achievements of Caesar

Caesar, quī novem annōs in Galliā bellum gerēbat, tōtam prōvinciam superāvit. Caesar pontem in Rhēnō decem diēbus aedificāvit atque contrā gentēs Germānās contendit. Rhēnus ex agrīs Lēpontiōrum, quī Alpēs incolunt, per fīnēs gentium multārum ad Ōceanum dēfluit. Caesar cōpiās in fīnēs Sigambrōrum dūxit atque agrōs vastāvit. Bis in Britanniam nāvigāvit et in parte īnsulae gentēs multās superāvit. Belgae et Vercingetorix, quī erat dux praeclārissimus Gallōrum, Caesarī sē mandāvērunt. Postquam Pompēium vīcit, multās lēgēs et bonās cīvitātī Rōmānae dedit.

[2] The Invasion by the Emperor Claudius

Gāius Iūlius Caesar, quī prīmus ex Rōmānīs ad Britanniam nāvigāvit, parvam partem sōlam īnsulae superāvit. Britannī peditibus et essedīs plūrimum valēbant, sed, quia factiōnēs erant multae, minus resistere poterant. Nec Rōmānī, postquam Caesar ad Galliam revertit, ferē per centum annōs impetum contrā Britanniam fēcērunt. Inde Claudius, imperātor Rōmānus, Aulum Plautium cum quattuor legiōnibus mīsit propter trēs causās, quod Galliam dēfendere voluit, atque Britannia fert aurum et argentum et metalla multa, atque magna erat discordia inter fīliōs Cunobelīnī, quī Trinobantēs rēxerat.

[i] Give the nominative singular of the following nouns:

(a) cīvitātī

(b) diēbus

(c) factiōnēs

(d) fīnēs

(e) gentium

(f) lēgēs

(g) peditibus

(h) pontem

[ii] What types of word are (1) praeclārissimus, (2) minus, (3) plūrimum? They are all different.

[a] comparative adjective

[b] comparative adverb

[c] superlative adjective

[d] superlative adverb

[iii] Give the first person singular present tense of:

(1) dedit

(2) gerēbat

(3) rēxerat

(4) voluit

[iv] Find from either text one example of each of the following types of subordinate clause:

(1) relative clause

(2) subordinate clause of time

(3) subordinate clause of reason

[v] Identify and explain the case being used in each of the following:

(a) novem annōs

(b) decem diēbus

____________________

[i]

(a) cīvitās

(b) diēs

(c) factiō

(d) fīnis

(e) gēns

(f) lēx

(g) pedes

(h) pōns

[ii]

(1) praeclārissimus: [c] superlative adjective

(2) minus: [b] comparative adverb

(3) plūrimum: [d] superlative adverb

[iii]

(1) dō

(2) gerō

(3) regō

(4) volō

[iv] (1)

quī novem annōs in Galliā bellum gerēbat

quī Alpēs incolunt

quī erat dux praeclārissimus Gallōrum

quī Trinobantēs rēxerat

quī prīmus ex Rōmānīs ad Britanniam nāvigāvit

[iv] (2)

postquam Pompēium vīcit

postquam Caesar ad Galliam revertit

[iv] (3)

quia factiōnēs erant multae

quod Galliam dēfendere voluit

[v]

(a) accusative of duration of time i.e. for nine years

(b) ablative of time within which i.e. (with)in ten days