Topic / Level 4; clothing [22] the ‘patterns’ of Roman clothes: -ārium; -ārius; -eus; -fex; -tor; -trīx; -tus
At this Level 4 stage, all
that is done here is to remind you of a number of key points regarding Latin
vocabulary and review certain endings.
Latin is a language of patterns.
As the image below shows, the root is aurum (gold).
However, recognition of key endings which convey very specific meanings avoids
vocabulary lists becoming overwhelming:
[1] -ārius
[i] a person who, in some
way, works with the material referred to in the root
aurārius, -ī
[2/m]: a goldsmith; a worker in gold
[ii] a relational
adjective
aurārius, -a,
-um: of / pertaining to gold, i.e. it does not say
*made of gold* or *golden / the colour of gold*, but describes the noun as
having something to do with gold. Pliny the Elder, for example, refers to
metalla aurāria: gold mines
Compare:
vestis, -is [3/f]: an item of
clothing; clothes
[i] vestiārius, -ī [2/m]: a
clothes dealer
[ii] arca vestiāria: a
clothes chest
argentum, -ī [2/n]: silver
[i] argentārius, -ī [2/m]: [i]
worker in silver; [ii] banker, money changer
[ii] metalla argentāria:
silver mines
[2] -tor [m], -trīx
[f]
agent nouns from verbs, i.e. they refer to the person performing the
action contained in the root
suō, -ere [3]: sew > sūtor,
-ōris [3/m]: shoemaker; cobbler
ornō, -āre [1]: decorate;
adorn > ornātrīx, -īcis [3/f]: hairdresser (female)
[3] -fex
the maker / producer of something:
aurum, -ī [2/n]: gold + -fex > aurifex, aurificis
[3/m]: goldsmith; synonym: aurārius, -ī [2/m]
[4] -eus
the material from which
something is made, or its colour
aureus, -a, -um:
golden; (made) of gold
argenteus, -a, -um: (made) of
silver
[5] -tus
This ending can be:
[i] a perfect passive
participle formed from a verb
aurō, -aurāre, aurāvī, aurātus
[1]: gild; overlay with gold > aurātus, -a, -um: (having been)
gilded; covered / decorated with gold;
gold-coloured
[ii] an adjective that, in
this topic, refers to, for example, being dressed in / wearing an item of
clothing or a garment of a particular colour
petasus, -ī [2/m]:
(travelling) hat > petasātus, -a, -um: wearing a (travelling)
hat
solea, -ae [1/f]: sandal >
soleātus, -a, -um: wearing sandals
tunica, -ae [1/f]: tunic >
tunicātus, -a, -um: dressed in / wearing a tunic
candidus, -a, -um: (shining)
white > candidātus, -a, -um: dressed in shining white
[iii] -tus may also
refer to a 4th declension noun i.e. its nominative form may look identical to a
perfect passive participle:
Compare:
amiciō, -īre, amicuī, amictus
[4]: clothe; cover
amictus, -a, -um:
(having been) clothed; covered
amictus, -ūs [4/m]:
clothing
vestiō, -īre, -īvī / -iī,
vestītus [4]: clothe; dress
vestītus, -a, -um:
(having been) dressed
vestitus, -ūs [4/m]:
clothing
Latin, far more than English,
can use adjectives and perfect passive participles as nouns, for example:
toga, -ae [1/f]: toga
togātus, -a, -um: dressed in
a toga
togātus, -ī [2/m]: person
dressed in / wearing a toga
Latin is an economical
language and can very often convey an idea with a single word which, in
English, may require an expanded phrase. This author, for example, refers to a
person being:
tunicātus, sine palliō, soleātus (Publius
Rutilius Lupus)
dressed in a tunic, without
a cloak, wearing sandals
We could possibly say “sandalled”, although it sounds rather
clumsy, but we would certainly not say *tuniced*!
[6] -ārium
Although the ending does not feature prominently in the topic,
one of its uses is to refer where items are stored, or the purpose for which
the item is used for example:
arma, -ōrum [2/n/pl]: weapons; tools > armārium, -ī
[2/n]: cupboard, chest etc. for clothing, money
argentum, -ī [2/n]: silver > argentārium, -ī [2/n]: a place
for keeping silver
sūdor, -ōris [3/m]: sweat; moisture > sūdārium [2/n]: a
cloth for wiping off sweat; handkerchief
vestis, -is [3/f]: an item of
clothing; clothes > vestiārium, -ī [2/n]: wardrobe
[7] Note the frequency of 1st
conjugation verbs formed from the root nouns; these mainly refer to (1)
providing the direct object with the root noun, or (2) giving the direct object
the characteristic of the root noun:
arma (weapons) + -ō > armō,
-āre [1]: furnish with weapons; arm; equip
aurum (gold) + -ō > aurō,
-āre, -āvī, -ātus [1]: gild; overlay with gold
calceus (shoe) > calceō,
-āre [1]: furnish with shoes; put on shoes; shoe (e.g. a horse) > dēcalceō,
-āre [1]: take off shoes
fibula (clasp) > fibulō,
-āre [1]: fasten with a clasp
gemma (gem; jewel) >
gemmō, -āre [1]: to be adorned with precious stones, to sparkle
with gems
purpura (the colour purple) >
purpurō, -āre [1]: make purple-coloured; dye with purple
vēlum (veil) > vēlō, -āre
[1]: cover; wrap; veil
The examples given show the
patterns that are covered in the thematic vocabulary lists, i.e. they are not
exhaustive but focus only on the word forms that would be used to describe
clothing or related ideas. Not every word conforms to the four headings
and, in translation, renderings may vary. However, you do gain an overview of
the ways in which the endings make subtle, but important differences in
meaning. In other words, at Level 4, it is not sufficient merely to know the
noun.
Topic / Level 4;
clothing [23] descriptions
(1)
Description may refer to:
(1) how a person is
dressed
bene vestītus (Cicero): well-dressed
optimē vestītus (Cicero): very well dressed
quārē ergō ... tam
male vestītus es? (Petronius)
Why, therefore, are you so
badly dressed?
vīlicus is autem cum corōnā, candidē vestītus,
lautus, exōrnātusque ambulat (Plautus)
However the bailiff walks
with a garland, dressed in white, bathed and adorned.
(2) the specific item of
clothing the person wears
[i] The type of clothing is
indicated in the word itself:
caliga, -ae [1/f]: military
boot > caligātus: wearing a military boot; ‘booted’
[ii] in + ablative; an
adjective + noun in the ablative case
muliebrī vestītū (Cicero): in women’s clothing
virginālī habitū atque vestītū (Cicero):
in the appearance and dress of a maiden
ac modo in
crepidīs vel coturnīs, modo in speculātōriā caligā,
nōnnumquam soccō muliebrī (Suetonius)
and sometimes in
sandals or knee-length boots, sometimes in a shoe worn by scouts, sometimes
in a woman’s slipper
[iii] ablative of means /
instrument
ōrnāvit etiam torque atque armillīs
aureīs cēterōque rēgiō cultū (Nepos);
He also adorned (him) with
a chain and bracelets of gold, and other royal decoration
[iv] gerō, -ere, gessī,
gestus [3]: (in the context of clothing) wear
The Nepos quotation from
[iii] above continues. Note the two different constructions in the same
extract:
ipse (1) agrestī
... amīculō circumdatus hirtāque tunicā, (2) gerēns
in capite galeam vēnātōriam, ...
He himself, (1) wrapped in a rustic cloak and a rough
tunic, (2) wearing a hunter’s cap on his head …
Topic / Level 4;
clothing [24] descriptions
(2) the monkey in the cloth cap; the Golden Ass (Apuleius) [i] comprehension
The narrator watches a parade associated with the spring
festival of the goddess Isis, specifically the first part – the antelūdia
– that precedes the main procession.
Ecce pompae magnae paulātim
praecēdunt antelūdia vōtīvīs cuiusque studiīs exōrnāta pulcherrimē. Hic
incīnctus balteō mīlitem gerēbat, illum succīnctum chlamide crēpidēs et
vēnābula vēnātōrem fēcerant, alius soccīs obaurātīs inductus sēricā
veste mundōque pretiōsō et adtextīs capite crīnibus incessū perfluō fēminam mentiēbātur.
Porrō alium ocreīs, scūtō, galeā ferrōque īnsignem ē lūdō putārēs gladiātōriō
prōcēdere. Nec ille dēerat, quī magistrātum fascibus purpurāque
lūderet, nec quī palliō baculōque et baxeīs et hircīnō barbitiō philosophum
fingeret, nec quī dīversīs harundinibus alter aucupem cum
viscō, alter piscātōrem cum hāmīs indūceret. Vīdī et ursam mānsuem <quae>
cultū mātrōnālī sellā vehēbātur et sīmiam pilleō textilī crocōtīsque
Phrygiīs Catamītī pāstōris speciē aureum gestantem pōculum et asinum
pinnīs adglūtinātīs adambulantem cuidam senī dēbilī ut illum quidem Bellerophontem,
hunc autem dīcerēs Pēgasum, tamen rīdērēs utrumque.
[1] The anteludia depicts a number of figures dressed
in different ways. In which order is each referred to? One is done for you.
a bird-catcher:
7
an ass _____
a fisherman _____
a gladiator _____
a hunter _____
a magistrate _____
a man disguised as a woman _____
a monkey _____
a philosopher _____
a she-bear _____
a soldier _____
an old man _____
[2] Each figure is given certain characteristics. Below are
ten of them. Match the figure [A] with the characteristic [B]:
[A]
[i] ass
[ii] gladiator
[iii] hunter
[iv] magistrate
[v] man disguised as a woman
[vi] monkey
[vii] old man
[viii] philosopher
[ix] she-bear
[x] soldier
[B]
dressed in purple
frail
in a married lady’s dress
in silk clothing
wearing a belt
wearing a cap
wearing a helmet
with a goat-like beard
with spears
with wings
[3] Match the phrases from the text with what they refer to:
[i] adtextīs capite crīnibus
[ii] aureum gestantem pōculum
[iii] cum hāmīs
[iv] hunc autem dīcerēs Pēgasum
[v] ocreīs, scūtō
[vi] pāstōris speciē
[vii] sellā vehēbātur
[viii] soccīs obaurātīs
being transported
decorative footwear
fishing
hairpiece / wig
military
mythological creature
resembling somebody
valuable object
____________________
[1]
a bird-catcher: 7
an ass: 11
a
fisherman: 8
a gladiator: 4
a hunter: 2
a magistrate: 5
a man disguised as a woman: 3
a monkey: 10
a philosopher: 6
a she-bear: 9
a soldier: 1
an old man:
12
[2]
[i] ass: with wings
[ii] gladiator: wearing a helmet
[iii] hunter: with spears
[iv] magistrate: dressed in purple
[v] man disguised as a woman: in silk clothing
[vi] monkey: wearing a cap
[vii] old man: frail
[viii] philosopher: with a goat-like beard
[ix] she-bear: in a married lady’s dress
[x] soldier: wearing a belt
[3]
[i] adtextīs capite crīnibus: hairpiece / wig
[ii] aureum gestantem pōculum: valuable object
[iii] cum hāmīs: fishing
[iv] hunc autem dīcerēs Pēgasum: mythological
creature
[v] ocreīs, scūtō: military
[vi] pāstōris speciē: resembling somebody
[vii] sellā vehēbātur: being transported
[viii] soccīs obaurātīs: decorative footwear
Topic / Level 4;
clothing [25] descriptions
(3) the monkey in the cloth cap; the Golden Ass (Apuleius) [ii] translation and
vocabulary
Ecce pompae magnae paulātim
praecēdunt antelūdia vōtīvīs cuiusque studiīs exōrnāta pulcherrimē. Hic
incīnctus balteō mīlitem gerēbat, illum succīnctum chlamide crēpidēs* et
vēnābula vēnātōrem fēcerant, alius soccīs obaurātīs inductus sēricā veste
mundōque pretiōsō et adtextīs capite crīnibus incessū perfluō fēminam
mentiēbātur. Porrō alium ocreīs, scūtō, galeā ferrōque īnsignem ē lūdō putārēs
gladiātōriō prōcēdere. Nec ille dēerat, quī magistrātum fascibus purpurāque
lūderet, nec quī palliō baculōque et baxeīs et hircīnō barbitiō philosophum
fingeret, nec quī dīversīs harundinibus alter aucupem cum viscō, alter
piscātōrem cum hāmīs indūceret. Vīdī et
ursam mānsuem <quae> cultū mātrōnālī sellā vehēbātur et sīmiam pilleō
textilī crocōtīsque
Phrygiīs Catamītī pāstōris speciē aureum gestantem pōculum et asinum pinnīs
adglūtinātīs adambulantem cuidam senī dēbilī ut illum quidem Bellerophontem,
hunc autem dīcerēs Pēgasum, tamen rīdērēs utrumque.
Vocabulary
The text, written in highly
dense prose, presents a wide range of
topical vocabulary in context, most of which has already been discussed in
previous posts. Only the new vocabulary is listed here.
*crepidēs: the noun is
crepida, -ae [1/f], a type of sandal, i.e. a 1st
declension noun that should have an nominative plural in -ae; the ending
in the extract (-ēs), which is only attested in Apuleius, is from the Anc. Gk. κρηπῖδες [krēpîdes]
- adglūtinō, -āre [1]; agglūtinō, -āre [1]: glue; paste; fit closely;
fasten
- antelūdium, -ī [2/n] is translated variously as ‘curtain-raiser’,
‘advance show’, ‘vanguard’
- attexō (adtexō), -ere,
attexuī, attextus (adtextus) [3]: weave
on
- auceps, -ipis [3/m]: bird-catcher
- barbitium, -ī [2/n]: beard [ = barba, -ae (1/f)]; the noun is only
attested in Apuleius
baxea, -ae [1/f]: a kind of woven shoe or sandal; the noun is used
in another section of Apuleius’ work which specifically indicates its
manufacture
et cum dictō iuvenem quempiam linteīs amiculīs
iniectum pedēsque palmeīs baxeīs inductum et adūsque derāsō capite
prōducit in medium
So saying he led forward a young man dressed in a linen tunic
and his feet in palm-leaf sandals with his head shaved bare.
exōrnō, -āre [1]: adorn; embellish
> exōrnātus, -a, -um:
adorned; embellished
> exōrnātus, -a, -um pulcherrimē:
beautifully adorned / embellished
- fascēs, -ium [here: 3/m/pl]: a bundle of rods with an axe carried by
the lictors in front of the most senior magistrates
- harundō, -inis [3/f]: reed, cane; anything made of the material e.g.
(here) fishing-rod and twigs used for catching birds
- hircīnus, -a, -um: of a goat; goat’s
- incessus, -ūs [4/m]: walk; bearing; gait
mundus, -ī [2/m] is an example of a homonym, a word which
has two separate meanings despite the forms being identical, a relatively rare
occurrence in Latin:
[i] world
[ii] decoration; dress (of a
woman)
The noun is not to be
confused with the adjective:
mundus, -a, -um: clean, neat, elegant, smart
- obaurātus, -a, -um: gilded; gold-plated
- pretiōsus, -a, -um: valuable; precious; expensive; costly
- succingō, -ere, succīnxī, succīnctus [3]: gather; tuck up e.g. with a belt
- textilis, -e: woven; plaited; braided; knit
- vēnābulum, -ī [2/n]: hunting-spear
- viscum, -ī [2/n]: [i] mistletoe; [ii] (here) birdlime (produced
from misteltoe), a sticky substance smeared on twigs to catch birds
Phrygius, -a,
-um: Phrygian; Phrygia, -ae [1/f]:
Phrygia, a kingdom in Anatolia (now part of Turkey)
Referring to: Topic / Level 4;
clothing [15] Aululāria (Plautus); the dangers of expensive wives [3]:
vocabulary and notes (2)
In his soliloquy, Megadorus uses two nouns, forms of which are
also in the Apuleius text:
[i] phrygiō,
-ōnis [3/m]: an embroiderer, the noun referring to Phrygia whose inhabitants
were well-known for the art
[ii] crocōtārius, -ī [2/m]: dyer of saffron garments < crocōta,
-ae [1/f]: a saffron-colored court-dress for women
Translation
Ecce pompae
magnae paulātim praecēdunt antelūdia
Look, the preludes for the
great procession gradually lead the way [literally: go before]
vōtīvīs
cuiusque studiīs exōrnāta pulcherrimē.
most beautifully adorned by each person’s desired offerings.
Hic (1) incīnctus
balteō ¦ (2) mīlitem gerēbat,
one (was) (1) girded with a sword-belt [ = with a sword-belt
wrapped round] and (2) represented a soldier,
illum succīnctum
chlamide crēpidēs et vēnābula vēnātōrem fēcerant,
another, with his cloak gathered up, was made a hunter
by his sandals and hunting-spears, [literally: the sandals and
hunting-spears had made him, tucked up in a (short) cloak, a hunter]
alius soccīs
obaurātīs inductus sēricā veste
another, dressed in gilded
slippers, silk clothing / a silk gown
mundōque
pretiōsō
and in [ = wearing] expensive
ornaments
et adtextīs
capite crīnibus
and wearing a wig
[literally: with hair woven on the head]
incessū perfluō
fēminam mentiēbātur.
by his flowing (feminine;
mincing) walk was imitating a woman.
Porrō alium
ocreīs, scūtō, galeā ferrōque īnsignem ē lūdō
putārēs gladiātōriō prōcēdere.
Furthermore, you would think
that another, distinguished by his greaves, shield, helmet
and sword, was proceeding out of gladiator school.
Nec ille dēerat, quī magistrātum fascibus
purpurāque lūderet,
Neither was there absent the one who was playing the magistrate with his bundle
of rods and purple robe,
nec quī palliō
baculōque et baxeīs et hircīnō barbitiō philosophum
fingeret,
nor one who with cloak
and stick and sandals and goatlike beard passed himself
off as a philosopher,
nec quī dīversīs
harundinibus
nor the ones with
different rods
alter aucupem
cum viscō, alter piscātōrem cum hāmīs indūceret.
one impersonating a
bird-catcher with birdlime, the other a fisherman with hooks.
Vīdī et ursam
mānsuem <quae> cultū mātrōnālī sellā vehēbātur,
I also saw a tame she-bear
(which), in a married lady’s attire, was being borne along in a
litter,
et sīmiam pilleō
textilī
and a monkey in a cloth
cap
crocōtīsque Phrygiīs
and saffron-coloured Phrygian
dress
Catamītī pāstōris speciē
with the appearance of Ganymede the shepherd-boy
aureum gestantem pōculum
holding a gold cup
et asinum pinnīs adglūtinātīs
and a donkey with wings glued / fastened on
adambulantem cuidam senī dēbilī
walking alongside a lame old man,
ut illum quidem Bellerophontem, hunc autem
dīcerēs Pēgasum,
so that you might indeed say (that) the latter (was) like
Bellerophon, but the former (like) Pegasus,
tamen rīdērēs utrumque.
yet you would laugh at each of them.
Topic / Level 4;
clothing [26] descriptions
(4) the monkey in the cloth cap; the Golden Ass (Apuleius) [iii] notes
Ecce pompae magnae paulātim
praecēdunt antelūdia vōtīvīs cuiusque studiīs exōrnāta pulcherrimē. Hic incīnctus
balteō mīlitem gerēbat, illum succīnctum chlamide crēpidēs et
vēnābula vēnātōrem fēcerant, alius soccīs obaurātīs inductus
sēricā veste mundōque pretiōsō et adtextīs capite crīnibus incessū
perfluō fēminam mentiēbātur. Porrō alium ocreīs, scūtō, galeā ferrōque
īnsignem ē lūdō putārēs gladiātōriō prōcēdere. Nec ille dēerat,
quī magistrātum fascibus purpurāque lūderet, nec quī palliō
baculōque et baxeīs et hircīnō barbitiō philosophum fingeret, nec quī
dīversīs harundinibus alter aucupem cum viscō, alter piscātōrem cum hāmīs indūceret.
Vīdī et ursam mānsuem <quae> cultū mātrōnālī sellā vehēbātur et sīmiam
pilleō textilī crocōtīsque Phrygiīs Catamītī pāstōris speciē
aureum gestantem pōculum et asinum pinnīs adglūtinātīs adambulantem
cuidam senī dēbilī ut illum quidem Bellerophontem, hunc autem dīcerēs
Pēgasum, tamen rīdērēs utrumque.
[1] ablative of description,
for example:
crocōtīsque Phrygiīs
cultū mātrōnālī
pilleō textilī
08.03.24: the ablative of description / quality
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2024/04/080324-ablative-of-description-quality.html
[2] perfect passive
participles:
adtextīs ...
crinibus
exōrnāta pulcherrimē
incīnctus balteō
pinnīs adglūtinātīs
soccīs obaurātīs inductus sēricā
veste
succīnctum chlamide
[3] verbs and expressions
that emphasise the imitative nature of the entire parade:
[i]
Catamītī pāstōris speciē
[ii]
mīlitem gerēbat
fēminam mentiēbātur
illum ... crēpidēs et
vēnābula vēnātōrem fēcerant
[iii] Subjunctive
(1)
alium ... ē lūdō putārēs gladiātōriō
prōcēdere | you might think that another was coming out of gladiator
school
illum quidem Bellerophontem, hunc autem dīcerēs Pēgasum
| indeed, you might say that the latter was like Bellerophon, but the
former like Pegasus
tamen rīdērēs utrumque | yet you might laugh at
both of them
(2)
In the following excerpt the three subjunctive verbs introduce
clauses of characteristic; within the parade there was no lack of types
of people who would do something:
Nec ille dēerat, quī
magistrātum fascibus purpurāque lūderet, nec quī palliō baculōque et
baxeīs et hircīnō barbitiō philosophum fingeret, nec quī dīversīs
harundinibus alter aucupem cum viscō, alter piscātōrem cum hāmīs indūceret.
Translations may not convey
the subjunctive so precisely, but we can render them as close as possible to
the original to illustrate the point:
Nec ille dēerat, qui
magistrātum ... lūderet | Nor was absent the one / sort (of person) who would
play the magistrate
Nec quī ... philosophum fingeret
| nor the one who would pass himself off as a philosopher
Nec quī ... piscātōrem indūceret
| nor the one who would imitate a fisherman
03.08.26: Level 3+;
Subjunctive [79] dependent uses [9] relative clauses of characteristic (1)
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2026/03/030826-level-4-subjunctive-79-dependent.html
03.08.26: Level 3+;
Subjunctive [80] dependent uses [9] relative clauses of characteristic (2)
practice
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2026/03/030826-level-4-subjunctive-80-dependent.html
[4] Mythological references
are mockingly incongruent with the people and animals representing them.
Ganymede is a monkey, Pegasus the winged horse is depicted as an ass with wings
affixed, and the hero Bellerophon is reduced to a decrepit old man.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganymede_(mythology)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegasus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellerophon
[5] The passage has a
cumulative effect as each figure is introduced.
[i] The momentum and
increasingly bizarre accumulation is largely achieved by tightly grouped words
or 2-3 word phrases describing each participant:
(1) ocreīs, (2) scūtō, (3) galeā
(4) ferrōque
(1) soccīs obaurātīs inductus
(2) sēricā veste (3) mundōque pretiōsō et (4) adtextīs capite crīnibus
(1) pilleō textilī (2) crocōtīsque
Phrygiīs (3) Catamītī pāstōris speciē (4) aureum gestantem pōculum
[ii] polysyndeton, the
repetition of conjunctions; here the impression is that no figure remains
unrepresented:
nec ille dēerat, quī ... magistrātum
... / nec quī ... philosophum ...
/ nec quī ... aucupem ...
[iii] the randomness and variety of the figures is
conveyed by: hic ... illum ... alius ... alium
... alter ... alter, giving a sense of eyes darting about as the parade is
described
Topic / Level 4;
clothing [27] descriptions
(5) the monkey in the cloth cap; the Golden Ass (Apuleius) [iv] review
Match the text with the
images
alius soccīs obaurātīs
inductus sēricā veste mundōque pretiōsō et adtextīs capite crīnibus incessū
perfluō fēminam mentiēbātur
et asinum pinnīs adglūtinātīs adambulantem cuidam senī dēbilī ut
illum quidem Bellerophontem, hunc autem dīcerēs Pēgasum, tamen rīdērēs utrumque
et sīmiam pilleō textilī crocōtīsque
Phrygiīs Catamītī pāstōris speciē aureum gestantem pōculum
hic incīnctus balteō mīlitem
gerēbat, illum succīnctum chlamide crēpidēs et vēnābula vēnātōrem fēcerant
nec ille dēerat, quī
magistrātum fascibus purpurāque lūderet
nec quī dīversīs harundinibus
alter aucupem cum viscō, alter piscātōrem cum hāmīs indūceret
nec quī palliō baculōque et
baxeīs et hircīnō barbitiō philosophum fingeret
porrō alium ocreīs, scūtō,
galeā ferrōque īnsignem ē lūdō putārēs gladiātōriō prōcēdere
vīdī et ursam mānsuem quae
cultū mātrōnālī sellā vehēbātur
Topic / Level 4;
clothing [28] descriptions
(6)
The exercise focuses exclusively on adjectives and perfect
passive participles. Complete the quotations with the words listed below. Some
are already well-known at this level, while others can be easily identified by
derivatives or by related nouns discussed in previous posts. Note that some
words appear in more than one form. Therefore, check the grammatical context
carefully.
[i] the clothes you wear were once dirty wool
quās geritis vestis, __________
lāna fuit (Ovid)
[ii] then twenty-seven maidens, (1) dressed in (2) long
clothing
tum septem et vīgintī virginēs, (2) __________ (1) __________ vestem (Livy)
[iii] three yokes fitted / equipped (‘decorated’) with
straps
iuga cum lōrīs __________ III (Cato)
[iv] often perfumes drip from his garlanded hair, and
the mantle, bright (‘splendid’) with much saffron, is swept along.
saepe __________ stillant unguenta capillīs et trahitur
multō __________ palla crocō (Ovid)
[v] as if one should say to a person who shows off a luxurious
garb or adornment …
… ut sī quis eī, quī vestītum aut ōrnātum __________ ostentet,
dīcat … (Cicero)
[vi] for (they say that) he wore the broad stripe (with)
fringed (sleeves) down to his hands
ūsum enim __________ clāvō ad manūs __________ (Suetonius)
[vii] I clothed myself in a woman’s attire, brightly
coloured (‘flowery’), flowing into loose folds, my head covered with
a woven cap, and (1) dressed in those (2) white and (3) thin
shoes that women wear
sūmptā veste __________ __________ in sinūs __________
abundante, mitellāque __________ contēctō capite, calceīs fēminīnīs (2)
__________ illīs et (3) __________ (1) __________ (Apuleius)
[viii] if she had dared to confess to the old man the soft garments
and shameful coverings
sī __________ habitūs et tegmina foeda fatērī ausa senī
(Statius)
[ix] A choice of clean clothing should be sought by a
man [ = a man should choose …]
__________ vestis ēlēctiō adpetenda est
hominī (Seneca the Younger)
[x] Eutrapelus would give costly clothes to anybody he
wanted to harm; for, now blessed, with beautiful tunics he will adopt
new plans and hopes
Eutrapelus, cuicumque nocēre volēbat, vestīmenta dabat __________;
beātus enim iam cum __________ tunicīs
sūmet nova cōnsilia et spēs (Horace)
[xi] if someone sews a tunic for ordinary wear so that one
panel is with narrow stripes, the other with broad ones, each
part in its own way lacks proportion
sī quis tunicam in ūsū ita cōnsuit, ut altera plagula sit __________
clāvis, altera __________, utraque pars in suō genere caret analogiā
(Varro)
[xii] He lived in the wilderness… rough clothing, a leather
belt [literally: made of skins], locusts for food, and wild honey …
vīvēbat in heremō ... vestis __________, zōna __________,
cibus locustae, melque silvestre … (Justinian)
[xiii] Let me have … a toga which, though coarse, may
be able to keep out the cold
sit mihi … toga, quae dēfendere frīgus quamvīs __________ queat
(Horace)
[xiv] a simple cloak
pallium __________ (Varro)
albīs; angustīs; aspera; corōnātīs; crassa; fimbriātō; flaccidōs; flōridā; indūtae; indūtus; lātīs; lātō; longam; mollēs; muliebrī; mundae; ōrnāta; pellicia; pretiōsa; pulchrīs; simplex; sordida; splendida; sūmptuōsum; tenuibus; textilī
____________________
[i] quās geritis vestis, sordida lāna
fuit
[ii] tum septem et vīgintī virginēs, (2) longam
(1) indūtae vestem
[iii] iuga cum lōrīs ōrnāta III
[iv] saepe corōnātīs stillant unguenta
capillīs et trahitur multō splendida palla crocō
[v] … ut sī quis eī, quī vestītum aut ōrnātum sūmptuōsum
ostentet, dīcat …
[vi] ūsum enim lātō clāvō ad manūs fimbriātō
[vii] sūmptā veste muliebrī flōridā in
sinūs flaccidōs abundante, mitellāque textilī contēctō capite,
calceīs fēminīnīs albīs illīs et tenuibus indūtus
[viii] sī mollēs habitūs et tegmina foeda
fatērī ausa senī
[ix] mundae vestis ēlēctiō adpetenda est
hominī
[x] Eutrapelus, cuicumque nocēre volēbat,
vestīmenta dabat pretiōsa; beātus enim iam cum pulchrīs tunicīs
sūmet nova cōnsilia et spēs
[xi] sī quis tunicam in ūsū ita cōnsuit, ut
altera plagula sit angustīs clāvis, altera lātīs, utraque pars in
suō genere caret analogiā
[xii] vīvēbat in heremō ... vestis aspera,
zōna pellicia, cibus locustae, melque silvestre …
[xiii] sit mihi … toga, quae dēfendere frīgus
quamvīs crassa queat
[xiv] pallium simplex
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