Itaque Caesar, qui cognōvit omnēs ferē Gallōs novīs rēbus studēre et ad bellum celeriter excitārī, nē plūrēs cīvitātēs coniūrātiōnem facerent, exercitum latius distribuere constituit.
T. Labienum in
Trēverōs cum equitātū mittit; huic imperat ut Rēmōs reliquōsque Belgās adeat
et in officiō contineat atque Germānōs per vim nāvibus flūmen trānsgredī prohibeat.
P. Crassum cum
duodecim cohortibus in Aquitāniam proficīscī iubet, nē ex hīs
gentibus auxilia in Galliam mittantur. D. Brūtum classī
Gallicīsque nāvibus praeficī et quam celerrimē in Venetōs
proficīscī iubet.
Note: D. Brūtum
[accusative] classī [dative] Gallicīsque nāvibus [dative] praeficī
…iubet
praeficiō, -ere
[3-iō]: to put (somebody) in command of / in charge of (something)
The person who is
put in command is in the accusative case, and what the person is in charge of
is in the dative case.
[1] Translate and
explain the use of the infinitives in bold:
(a) Itaque Caesar,
qui cognōvit omnēs ferē Gallōs novīs rēbus studēre et ad bellum
celeriter excitārī, …
(b) huic imperat ut
… Germānōs … nāvibus flūmen trānsgredī prohibeat.
(c) P. Crassum …
in Aquitāniam proficīscī iubet
(d) D. Brūtum
classī Gallicīsque nāvibus praeficī … iubet
[2] Translate and
explain the uses of the subjunctive in bold:
(a) nē
plūrēs cīvitātēs coniūrātiōnem facerent …
(b) nē …
auxilia in Galliam mittantur
(c) huic imperat ut
Rēmōs reliquōsque Belgās adeat
____________________
[1]
(a)
Caesar, therefore, who learned that almost all the Gauls were eager for
revolution and were quickly roused to war
studēre: present active infinitive; excitārī:
present passive infinitive
Both
used in an indirect statement introduced by cognōvit.
(b)
He orders him to prevent the Germans from crossing the river in ships.
trānsgredī: deponent infinitive; active
in meaning
(c)
He orders Publius Crassus to set out for Aquitania.
proficīscī: deponent infinitive; active
in meaning
(d)
He orders Decimus Brutus to be placed in command of the fleet and the
Gallic ships.
praeficī: passive infinitive
[2]
subjunctive usage
(a) so
that more states might not / would not form a conspiracy;
negative purpose clause introduced by nē
(b) so
that reinforcements may not be sent into Gaul; negative purpose
clause introduced by nē
(c)
he orders him to approach the Remi and the other Belgians; indirect
command introduced by ut
Therefore
Caesar, who learned that almost all the Gauls were eager for revolution and
were quickly being roused to war, decided to distribute his army more widely,
so that more states might not form a conspiracy.
He
sends Titus Labienus to the Treveri with cavalry; he orders him to approach the
Remi and the other Belgians and keep them loyal, and to prevent the Germans
from crossing the river by force in ships.
He orders Publius Crassus to set out for Aquitania with twelve cohorts, so that reinforcements might not be sent from these peoples into Gaul. He orders Decimus Brutus to be placed in command of the fleet and the Gallic ships and to set out against the Veneti as quickly as possible.