30.04.27: Level 1; First Latin Lessons (15); 2nd declension; -(e)r

I

Puer librum legit.

Puer est fīlius poētae.

Puer in scholā linguam Latīnam discit.

Puer labōrat in agrīs.

II

Magister puerōs laudat.

Puerī magistrum audiunt.

Māter puerō librum dat.

Pater puerī agricola est.

III

Magister puerīs librōs dat.

Casae puerōrum parvae sunt.

Agricola cum puerīs in agrō labōrat.

Agricola cum puerō in viā ambulat.

(1) vocabulary

• ager, agrī [2/m]: field
• liber, librī [2/m]: book
• magister, magistrī [2/m]: teacher
• puer, -ī [2/m]: boy; child
• audiunt: they hear / listen to

(2)

Image #1

[i] There is a group of 2^nd declension masculine nouns that end in -er; common examples are:

ager: field

liber: book

magister: teacher

puer: boy; child

[ii] To this list we can also add a noun that ends in -r:

vir: man

Images #2 and #3

[iii] Apart from the nominative singular these nouns have the same endings as 2^nd declension masculine nouns in -us.

However, when endings are added:

[a] some of these nouns lose the /e/ of the nominative singular

• ager, agrī [2/m]: field
• liber, librī [2/n]: book
• magister, magistrī [2/m]: teacher

[b] some retain the /e/ of the nominative singular

• puer, -ī (i.e. puerī) [2/m]: boy; child
• signifer, -ī (i.e. signiferī) [2/m]: standard-bearer (in the Roman army)

[iv] In vocabulary lists, this may be indicated in the following way:

• magister, -rī [2/m]; the /e/ is lost
• puer, -ī [2/m]; the /e/ is retained

LINKS

https://adckl.blogspot.com/search/label/declensions%3A%202nd%20in%20-er

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I

The boy reads a book.
The boy is the son of the poet.
The boy learns the Latin language in school.
The boy works in the fields.

II

The teacher praises the boys.
The boys listen to the teacher.
The mother gives a book to the boy.
The father of the boy is a farmer.

III

The teacher gives books to the boys.
The boys’ houses are small.
The farmer works with the boys in the field.
The farmer walks with the boy on the road.