22.02.27: Level 1; step-by-step; scaffolding [3] singular and plural

[B]

ūna ūva | one grape

duae ūvae | two grapes

multae ūvae | many grapes

Latin nouns change in the plural. At this stage, focus only on three types:

[1] ending in -a

-a > -ae

ūva: grape / a grape / the grape [Latin does not have words for ‘the’ or ‘a(n)’]

ūna ūva: one grape

ūvae: grapes

duae ūvae: two grapes

multae ūvae: many grapes

[2] ending in -us

-us > -ī

equus: (a/the) horse

ūnus equus: one horse

equī: (the) horses

duo equī: two horses

multī equī: many horses

[3] ending in -um

-um > -a

ōvum: (a/the) egg

ūnum ōvum: one egg

ōva: (the) eggs

duo ōva: two eggs

multa ōva: many eggs

Exercise

Practise the patterns with the following nouns:

(1) nouns ending in -a

__________a | (a/the) __________

ūna __________a | one __________

duae __________ae | two __________

multae __________ae | many __________

• amīca: friend (female)
• ancilla: maidservant
• fēmina: lady
• fenestra: window
• galea: helmet
• puella: girl

(2) nouns ending in -us

__________us

ūnus __________us

duo __________ī

multī __________ī

• amīcus: friend (male)
• discipulus: pupil (male)
• gladius: sword
• hortus: garden
• mūrus: wall
• servus: slave

(3) nouns ending in -um

__________um

ūnum __________um

duo __________a

multa__________a

• mālum: apple
• oppidum: town
• pirum: pear
• pōculum: cup (in Ancient Rome, a type of goblet e.g. for drinking wine)
• scūtum: shield
• templum: temple