I: Schola nostra est schola bona. Scholam nostram laudāmus et amāmus. Scholam laudātis, sed in scholā nōn bene labōrātis. Soror mea scholam laudat et in scholā bene labōrat. Soror mea est puella impigra.
II: Cūr hīc stātis? Hīc stāmus quod fīliam tuam
exspectāmus. Ubi fīlia tua est? Fīlia mea nunc in scholā est.
III: Vesperī saepe in viīs ambulō. Amīcī quoque ibi
ambulant. Nautae quoque in viīs vesperī ambulant. Noctū stellās
clārās spectāmus.
IV: Cūr in casā stās, Cornēlia? Agricolam exspectō.
Cornēlia in casā stat. Cornēlia agricolam exspectat. Agricola
epistulam portat. Agricola epistulam Cornēliae dat.
V: Puellae saepe in viīs vesperī ambulant. Cūr agricola
ex silvīs properat? Epistulās tuās nunc exspectāmus. Cūr māter
mea mihi dōnum nōn dat? Māter tua tibi dōnum nōn dat quod nōn
bene labōrās.
(1) vocabulary
- labōrō, -āre [1]: work
- portō, -āre [1]: carry
- stō, -āre [1]: stand
- impigra: energetic; industrious
- cum: when
- hīc: here
- ubi: where; when
- vesperī: in the evening
(2) This passage focusses on the first conjugation of
verbs in the present tense.
infinitive: portāre (to carry)
portō: I carry; I am carrying; Latin does not distinguish
the two English translations i.e. the one form conveys both meanings of ‘I
do something’ or ‘I am doing something’.
portās: you (singular) carry; you (singular) are
carrying
portat: (s)he / it carries; (s)he / it is
carrying
portāmus: we carry; we are carrying
portātis: you (plural) carry; you (plural) are
carrying
portant: they carry; they are carrying
(3) The verb conjugation comprises two parts:
[i] a stem vowel: -a- / -ā- e.g. portat; portāmus;
the stem vowel is not used in the first person singular but in all other forms
of the verb.
[ii] the personal endings:
Singular
-ō: I
-s: you (singular)
-t: he / she / it
Plural
-mus: we
-tis: you (plural)
-nt: they
(4) verbs are listed as the first person singular present
tense and the infinitive; in these posts the conjugation number is
also added:
portō, -āre [1]: carry
ambulō, -āre [1]: walk
exspectō, -āre [1]: wait (for)
laudō, -āre [1]: praise
stō, -āre [1]: stand
Note: dō, -are [1]; this verb is an exception in that,
in most forms, it does not have a long ā:
dō, dās, dat, damus, datis, dant
LINKS
25.02.24: verbs; first conjugation present tense
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2024/04/verbs-first-conjugation-present-tense.html
25.02.24: verb translation [1]
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2024/04/look-at-images-and-translate-these.html
25.02.24: verb translation [2]
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2024/04/look-at-images-and-translate-phrases.html
21.10.24: Level 1; review; practice in the verbs [4]; 1st
conjugation; present tense
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2024/09/211024-level-1-review-practice-in-verbs.html
21.10.24: Level 1; review; practice in the verbs [5]; 1st
conjugation; present tense; more practice
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I: Our school is a good school. We praise and love our school.
You (pl.) praise the school, but you (pl.) do not work well at school. My
sister praises the school and works well at school. My sister is an industrious
girl.
II: Why are you (pl.) standing here? We are standing here
because we are waiting for your daughter. Where is your daughter? My daughter
is now at school.
III: In the evening I often walk in the streets. Friends also
walk there. Sailors also walk in the streets in the evening. At night we look
at the bright stars.
IV: Why are you standing in the house, Cornelia? I am waiting
for the farmer. Cornelia is standing in the house. Cornelia is waiting for the
farmer. The farmer is carrying a letter. The farmer gives the letter to Cornelia.
V: The girls often walk in the streets in the evening. Why is the farmer hurrying from the woods? We are now waiting for your letters. Why does my mother not give me a gift? Your mother does not give you a gift because you (sg.) do not work well.
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