23.08.26: Level 3; Reading (review); [32] In the giant’s cave (2)

Ulixēs autem sociōs haec iussit et eīs suāsit: “Satis diū ille nōs ursit et torsit, satis diū superbiae eius cessimus. Ecce flammae, ecce palūs: sī hic pālus ārdēbit, Polyphēmum oculō spoliābimus. Id nōbīs certē continget, nisi timidī erimus!”

Quibus verbīs postquam animōs eōrum auxit, eōs sēcum dūxit, ūnā cum eīs Polyphēmum temptāvit. Iam pālus in oculō eius haesit, iam Polyphēmus clāmāvit, iam amīcōs vocāvit: “Nēmō mē oculō spoliāvit, nēmō mē necāre studet!

At frūstrā clāmat, nam ā nūllō adiuvātur. Cēterī enim Cyclōpēs: “Sī nēmō tē spoliat, sī ā nūllō necāris, nūllīus auxiliō egēs!”

Vocabulary

cyclōps, -is [3/m]: cyclops, the one-eyed giant from Greek and Roman mythology, of which Polyphemus was one:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopes

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphemus

image: head of a Cyclops (1^st c. AD); Colosseum, Rome

pālus, -ī [2/m]: pole, stake

contingō, -ere, contigī, contāctus [3] (here: + dative) to fall to one’s lot; befall; happen (to)

• id nōbīs … continget: this will happen to us

Notes: conjugation ‘patterns’

[i] Most (not all) 1^st conjugation verbs have the same pattern of principal parts e.g. 

necō, necāre, necāvī, necātus [1]: kill

spoliō, spoliāre, spoliāvī, spoliātus [1]: rob; deprive

temptō, temptāre, temptāvī, temptātus [1]: attempt

Other conjugations, however, are far less predictable, but there are some patterns to note in perfect tense stems of 2^nd conjugation verbs:

-s(s)-; -x-

ardeō, ardēre, ārsī, ārsus [2]: burn

haereō, -ēre, haesī, haesum (supine: no passive) [2]: (here) stick

suadeō, suādēre, suāsī, suāsus [2]: persuade

torqueō, -ēre, torsī, tortus [2]: torment; torture

urgeō, -ēre, ursī, - [2]: oppress

iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus [2]: command; order

augeō, augēre, auxī, auctus [2]: increase; strengthen

(b) -uī-

egeō, -ēre, eguī, egitūrus (fut. act. participle: no passive; no supine) [2]: lack; be without

studeō, -ēre, studuī, - [2]: (here) try

From the previous section of this text:

• adhibeō, adhibēre, adhibuī, adhibitus [2]: apply; use
• admoneō, admonēre, admonuī, admonitus [2]: warn; remind
• arceō, arcēre, arcuī, arcitus [2]: keep (off / away); prevent
• praebeō, praebēre, praebuī, praebitus [2]: offer
• sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī,  sustentus [2]: endure; withstand

[ii] Bear in mind at this level that ‘patterns’ cannot be assumed, for example:

cēdō, cedere, cessī, cessus [3]: yield

dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus [3]: lead

From the previous section of this text:

• domō, domāre, domuī, domitus [1]: subdue; tame
• impleō, implēre, implēvī, implētus [2]: fill
• colō, colere, coluī, cultus [3]: worship; honour
• tribuō, tribuere, tribuī, tribūtus [3]: grant; bestow

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But Ulysses ordered these things to his companions and persuaded them: “For a long time that creature has oppressed and tormented us; for a long time we have yielded to his arrogance. Look—flames, look—a stake: if this stake burns, we will deprive Polyphemus of his eye. This will certainly happen for us, if we are not cowardly!”

After he had strengthened their spirits with these words, he led them with him and, together with them, attacked Polyphemus. Now the stake stuck in his eye, now Polyphemus shouted, now he called his friends: “Nobody has deprived me of my eye, nobody is trying to kill me!”

But he shouts in vain, for he is helped by no one. For the other Cyclopes say: “If nobody is injuring you, if you are being killed by no one, you need no help from anyone!”